linux搭建lnnp_Linux LNMP架构搭建

一.搭建LNMP基本架构

1.L(http) N(nginx) M(mysql) P(php)

2.安装顺序 Mysql-->PHP-->Nginx

3.安装包

Discuz_3.2.0_SC_GBK

nginx-1.4.4httpd-2.4.27php-5.3.22

mysql-5.6.38-linux-glibc2.12-i686

4.安装mysql数据库

(1)解压mysql压缩包

tar zxvf mysql.tar.gz

(2)将mysql目录移动/usr/下。

mv mysql目录 /usr/local/mysql

(3)在mysql目录下，创建目录，作为datadir(数据目录)

mkdir /data/mysql

(4)创建mysql用户，不允许登陆，不创建家目录。

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

(5)将/data/mysql/目录所属组所属主给mysql用户。

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

(6)将配置文件存放到/etc/my.conf覆盖。

cp /mysql目录/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf

(7)修改配置文件

vim进入/etc/my.conf

# For advice on how to change settings please see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the

# *** default location during install, and will be replaced ifyou

#***upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]

port= 3306

socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

datadir 　　　　 = /data/mysql

pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid

# Remove leading # andset to the amount of RAM forthe most important data

# cachein MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.

# innodb_buffer_pool_size=128M------------------------------------------常用参数：

Port 　　#监听端口

Socket 　 　#通信方式

Key_buffer_size 　 　　　 #mysql内存使用大小

Log-bin=mysql-bin 　　　　　　　#记录二进制日志，注释掉。

Binlog_format=mixed 　　 　　　　　　#日志相关参数，注释掉。

Server_id=1 　　　　　　　　　　　　 #主从复制参数，注释掉。

(8)将服务的启动脚本放入/etc/init.d/下。

cp /mysql目录/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

(9)修改启动文件。

vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

# The following variables are only set forletting mysql.server find things.

# Set some defaults

mysqld_pid_file_path=

if test -z "$basedir"then

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin

mysqld_pid_file_path=/data/mysql/master.pid------------------------------------------basedir 　#定义程序所在路径bindir #定义数据库启动路径

(10)在mysql目录下初始化mysql服务，看到两个ok就没问题。

mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

报错1：Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared objectfile: No such file or directory

解决：yum install –y libai*报错2：Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared objectfile: No such file or directory

解决：yum install –y numactl-*

(10)报错

(11)查看是否生成mysql，test。

mysql]# ls /data/mysql

(12)启动mysql。

mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

报错1：Starting MySQL.... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid).

解决：[root@localhost~]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# chown-R mysql.mysql .

(12)报错

(13)查看mysql进程。

ps aux|grep mysql

(14)开启mysql命令终端Mysql>。

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

报错1：ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket'/tmp/mysql.sock'(2)

解决：ln -s /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

(14)报错

报错1：ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket'/tmp/mysql.sock'(2)

解决：ln -s /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.

(15)设置开机自启动

chkconfig --list | grep mysql         #查看是否存在mysql服务。

chkconfig --add mysqld　　　　  #添加mysqld服务

chkconfig mysqld on　　　　　　#打开开机自启动

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

注：测试启动mysql

(16)添加环境变量赋值。可使用mysql命令直接启动。在当前终端生效。

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin

[root]# mysql　　　　　　　　#测试登陆

(17)设置所有终端都可访问。

vim /etc/profile

#文件最下面输入

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin

source /etc/profile　　#即时生效

(18)设置mysql管理员密码。

mysqladmin -uroot password ’123456‘

mysql -u root -p　　#登陆

注：再次登陆应输入管理员，与密码。

(19)mysql下添加普通用户赋予管理权限，对应主机，与密码。

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'user1'@'localhost' identified by 'discuz';

5.安装PHP

(1)解压php压缩包。

tar xvzf php-5.3.22.tar.gz

(2)创建PHP禁止登陆用户。

useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm

(3)进入php目录下。

cd php-5.3.22

(4)编译安装PHP。

php-5.3.22]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --enable-zend-multbyte --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl

yum -y install gcc

yum-y install libxml2-devel*yum-y install bzip2-devel*yum-y install curl curl-devel

yum-y install libjpeg-devel

yum-y install openssl-devel*yum-y install freetype-devel*yum-y install libpng-devel

yum-y install libmcrypt-devel*#没有安装包需要下载源码包

#安装编译包

注：如果报错可同过 yum list| grep 报错名 ：来查找需要安装的包

php-5.3.22]#make　　　　　　#编译

php-5.3.22]#make install　　　#编译安装

(5)拷贝php配置文件。

php-5.3.22]#cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

(6)修改PHP配置文件，将off改为on。

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

short_open_tag = on

(6)拷贝启动脚本。

php-5.3.22]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

(7)赋予php-fpm文件权限。

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm

(8)启动php服务。

/etc/init.d/php-fpm start

报错1：ERROR: failed to load configuration file '/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf'解决：进入/usr/local/php/etc/cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

(8)报错

(9)查看PHP进程。

ps aux | grep php

注：Ss是主进程  S是子进程

(10)查看PHP监听端口。

注：查看监听端口9000

6.安装nginx

(1)解压Nginx压缩包。

tar xvzf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz

(2)进入Nginx目录。

cd nginx-1.4.4

(3)Nginx编译安装

nginx-1.4.4]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre

报错1：error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

You can either disable the module byusing --without-http_rewrite_module

option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library

staticallyfrom the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=option.

解决：yum install-y pcre-devel

(3)报错

make　　　　 　　#编译

make install　　　 #编译安装

(4)启动Nginx程序

nginx-1.4.4]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

(5)查看Nginx进程

ps aux | grep nginx

(6)关闭防火墙，SELINUX

service iptables stop

getenforce 0

(7)测试Nginx

二.论坛安装

1.Nginx配置文件调试

(1)调试Nginx主配置文件

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#user nobody;

worker_processes1;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections4096;　　#处理的连接数

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout0;

keepalive_timeout65;

#gzip on;

server {　　#虚拟主机

listen80;

server_name localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location/{　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#配置网站所在的路径

root /usr/local/url;#网站根目录index index.html index.htm index.php;　　 #首页索引类型

}

#error_page404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to thestatic page /50x.html

#

error_page500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location= /50x.html {

root html;

}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on127.0.0.1:80#

keepalive_timeout65;

#gzip on;

server {

listen80;

server_name localhost;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {

root   /usr/local/url;

index  index.html index.htm;

}

#error_page  404              /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

#

error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root   html;

}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

#

#location ~ \.php$ {

#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;

#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

#

#解开注释调用php

location ~ \.php$ {

root          /usr/local/url;　　　　　　　　#网站路径(修改)

fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;　　#指定通信代理(可改为soket)

fastcgi_index  index.php;　　　　　#指定主页索引页fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/usl$fastcgi_script_name; #脚本所在路径 (修改)

include        fastcgi_params;

}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

# concurs with nginx's one

#

(2)测试Nginx配置文件

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

注：yntax is ok 没问题！

(3)加载配置文件

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

2.安装论坛网站

(1)解压论坛文件包。

unzip Discuz_X3.2_SC_GBK.zip

(2)创建网站根目录。

mkdir /usr/local/url

(3)将网站程序移动到网站目录下。

mv uplocad/*  /usr/local/url

(4)删除多余文件。

rm -rf upload/ utility/ readme/

(5)权限修改。

ps aux | grep nginx

注：nginx执行用户位nobody用户，而网站文件是root用户，则没有权限执行

chown -R nobody config/ data uc_client/data uc_server/data

注：修改网站文件目录的执行用户，-R递归目录下的子目录。

(6)安装论坛