mysql8主从镜像制作_基于docker的mysql8的主从复制

基于docker的mysql8的主从复制

创建mysql的docker镜像

构建docker镜像，其中数据卷配置内容在下面,结构目录如下

version: '3.7'

services:

db:

# images 8.x

image: mysql

restart: always

environment:

MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 456123

command:

--default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

--character-set-server=utf8mb4

--collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci

--explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

--lower_case_table_names=1

ports:

- 3309:3306

volumes:

- ./data:/var/lib/mysql

- ./my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf

配置mysql的主库

更新配置文件

# Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

#

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.

#

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the

# GNU General Public License for more details.

#

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA

#

# The MySQL Server configuration file.

#

# For explanations see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

[mysqld]

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

secure-file-priv= NULL

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

# Custom config should go here

# [必须]启用二进制日志

log-bin=mysql-bin

# [必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1 1~255

server-id=1

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

配置操作

启动mysql

docker-compose up -d

更新配置

查看容器

docker ps

进入mysql交互

docker exec -it 518a92715f6f /bin/bash

登录mysql

mysql -u root -p

配置

#在主库上创建同步用户并授权

CREATE USER 'replicate'@'112.74.41.236' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replicate'@'112.74.41.236';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

#最后增加远程访问用户 并赋予所有权限，远程访问测试用

CREATE USER antsdouble IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'antsdouble'@'%';

#用navicate12及以上可以不用修复修复远程登录报报 caching_sha2_password异常

# mysql8 用新的驱动 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

ALTER USER 'antsdouble'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

ALTER USER 'antsdouble'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

#查询master的状态，此处File，Position数据在配置从库时用到

show master status;

相关说明

server-id是唯一的，主从不能相同，server-id为1表示mysq数据库为主数据库，server-id为2表示mysql的数据库为从数据库

为何必须挂载到/etc/my.cnf 文件上，而不是/etc/mysql/my.cnf 文件上？因为mysql默认配置文件位置在/etc/mysql/my.cnf，挂在方式无法改变容器中文件内容，my.conf内容不会改变，my.cnf中没有我们自定义的配置内容，启动mysql容器会报错

lower_case_table_names：忽略表名、列名等数据结构的大小写(注意：不是每行记录内容的大小写！)。

log-bin：开启二进制记录。这是为了主从复制而做的设置。本文使用RBR(Row-Based Replication)模式。

slow_query_log=1：开启慢查询日志。如果某一条SQL执行的时间超过long_query_time设置的秒数，那么就记录下来。记录文件路径可以使用show variables;命令，在变量名是slow_query_log_file下查找到具体的日志文件路径。

long_query_time=1：单位是秒。指如果某一条SQL语句执行时间超过1秒，就记录下来。必须开启慢查询日志了以后，此变量才能使用。

log_error：开启错误日志。show variables like 'log_error'; 就可以查询到日志文件的路径。mysql的docker官方镜像如果设置别的取值会导致容器无法正常启动。

配置mysql的从库

更新配置文件

# Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

#

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.

#

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the

# GNU General Public License for more details.

#

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA

#

# The MySQL Server configuration file.

#

# For explanations see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

[mysqld]

pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

secure-file-priv= NULL

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

# Custom config should go here

# [必须]启用二进制日志

log-bin=mysql-bin

# [必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1

server-id=1

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

配置操作

进入交互模式，方法同主库

配置从库

change master to master_host='112.74.41.236',master_port=3309,master_user='replicate',master_password='123456',master_log_file='binlog.000006',master_log_pos=3862;

说明

master_port：Master的端口号，指的是容器的端口号

master_user：用于数据同步的用户

master_password：用于同步的用户的密码

master_log_file：指定 Slave 从哪个日志文件开始复制数据，即上文中提到的 File 字段的值

master_log_pos：从哪个 Position 开始读，即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值

master_connect_retry：如果连接失败，重试的时间间隔，单位是秒，默认是60秒

查看

show slave status\G

# 查询slave的状态，Slave_IO_Running及Slave_SQL_Running进程必须正常运行，即YES状态，否则都是错误的状态 错误可以在2标记处查看到原因，也可以通过

show slave status;

测试功能

主库添加一条数

在从库查看

常见问题

可能产生的原因

网络不通

检查ip,端口

密码不对

检查是否创建用于同步的用户和用户密码是否正确

pos不对

检查Master的 Position

Could not execute Update_rows event on table oa.bui_bill_sum; Can't find record in 'bui_bill_sum', Error_code: 1032; handler error HA_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND; the event's master log mysql-bin.000138, end_log_pos 160051747

解决，临时

进入sql 执行

STOP SLAVE;

SET GLOBAL sql_slave_skip_counter =1; #表示跳过一步错误，后面的数字可变

START SLAVE;

永久

在my.cnf中配置

slave-skip-errors = 1032 就会跳过所有的1032的错误,多个用逗号分隔

mysql并没有从my.cnf文件中更新server_id，既然这样就只能手动修改了

set global server_id=2; #此处的数值和my.cnf里设置的一样就行

slave start;