python爬虫修饰_python爬虫URL重试机制的实现方法(python2.7以及python3.5)

应用场景：

状态不是200的URL重试多次

代码比较简单还有部分注释

python2.7实现：

# -*-coding:utf-8-*-

"""

ayou

"""

import requests

def url_retry(url,num_retries=3):

print("access!")

try:

request = requests.get(url,timeout=60)

#raise_for_status(),如果不是200会抛出HTTPError错误

request.raise_for_status()

html = request.content

except requests.HTTPError as e:

html=None

if num_retries>0:

#如果不是200就重试，每次递减重试次数

return url_retry(url,num_retries-1)

#如果url不存在会抛出ConnectionError错误，这个情况不做重试

except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError as e:

return

return html

url_retry("http://httpbin.org/status/404")

python3.5实现：

# -*-coding:utf-8-*-

"""

ayou

"""

import asyncio

import aiohttp

async def print_page(url,num_retries=3):

async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:

try:

async with session.get(url,timeout=60) as response:

print("access!")

#raise_for_status(),如果不是200会抛出HttpProcessingError错误

response.raise_for_status()

body = await response.text()

except aiohttp.errors.HttpProcessingError as e:

body = None

if num_retries > 0:

#如果不是200就重试，每次递减重试次数

return await print_page(url, num_retries - 1)

#不存在URL会抛出ClientResponseError错误

except aiohttp.errors.ClientResponseError as e:

return e

session.close()

print(body)

return body

def main():

#这是一个不存在URL

# url = 'http://httpbin.org/status/404111'

#这是一个404的URL

url = 'http://httpbin.org/status/404'

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()

loop.run_until_complete(print_page(url))

loop.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()

爬虫URL重试机制封装成修饰器(python2.7以及python3.5以上)

python2.7版本：

# -*-coding:utf-8-*-

"""

ayou

"""

import requests

#定义一个重试修饰器，默认重试一次

def retry(num_retries=1):

#用来接收函数

def wrapper(func):

#用来接收函数的参数

def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):

#为了方便看抛出什么错误定义一个错误变量

last_exception =None

#循环执行包装的函数

for _ in range(num_retries):

try:

#如果没有错误就返回包装的函数，这样跳出循环

return func(*args, **kwargs)

except Exception as e:

#捕捉到错误不要return，不然就不会循环了

last_exception = e

#如果要看抛出错误就可以抛出

# raise last_exception

return wrapper

return wrapper

if __name__=="__main__":

@retry(5)

def url_retry(url):

request = requests.get(url, timeout=60)

print("access!")

request.raise_for_status()

html = request.content

print(html)

return html

url_retry("http://httpbin.org/status/404")

# url_retry("http://httpbin.org/status/404111")

# url_retry("http://www.baidu.com")

python3.5以上版本：

# -*-coding:utf-8-*-

"""

ayou

"""

import aiohttp,asyncio

#定义一个重试修饰器，默认重试一次

def retry(num_retries=1):

#用来接收函数

def wrapper(func):

#用来接收函数的参数

def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):

#为了方便看抛出什么错误定义一个错误变量

last_exception =None

#循环执行包装的函数

for _ in range(num_retries):

try:

#如果没有错误就返回包装的函数，这样跳出循环

return func(*args, **kwargs)

except Exception as e:

#捕捉到错误不要return，不然就不会循环了

last_exception = e

#如果要看抛出错误就可以抛出

# raise last_exception

return wrapper

return wrapper

async def print_page(url):

async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:

async with session.get(url,timeout=60) as response:

print("access!")

#raise_for_status(),如果不是200会抛出HttpProcessingError错误

response.raise_for_status()

body = await response.text()

session.close()

print(body)

return body

@retry(5)

def loop_get():

# url = "http://www.baidu.com"

# url = 'http://httpbin.org/status/404111'

url = 'http://httpbin.org/status/404'

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()

loop.run_until_complete(print_page(url))

loop.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':

loop_get()

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