control chart matlab,Shewhart control charts

Description

controlchart(X) produces an xbar chart

of the measurements in matrix X. Each row of X is

considered to be a subgroup of measurements containing replicate observations

taken at the same time. The rows should be in time order. If X is

a time series object, the time samples should contain replicate observations.

The chart plots the means of the subgroups in time order, a

center line (CL) at the average of the means, and

upper and lower control limits (UCL, LCL)

at three standard errors from the center line. The standard error

is the estimated process standard deviation divided by the square

root of the subgroup size. Process standard deviation is estimated

from the average of the subgroup standard deviations. Out of control

measurements are marked as violations and drawn with a red circle.

Data cursor mode is enabled, so clicking any data point displays information

about that point.

controlchart(x,group) accepts a grouping variable

group for a vector of measurements x.

group is a categorical variable, numeric vector, character vector, string

array, or cell array of character vectors the same length as x. Consecutive

measurements x(n) sharing the same value of group(n) for 1

≤ n ≤ length(x) are defined to be a subgroup. Subgroups can

have different numbers of observations.

controlchart(X,group) accepts

a grouping variable group for

a matrix of measurements in X. In this case, group is

only used to label the time axis; it does not change the default grouping

by rows.

[stats,plotdata] = controlchart(x,[group]) returns

a structure stats of subgroup statistics and parameter

estimates, and a structure plotdata of plotted

values. plotdata contains one record for each chart.

The fields in stats and plotdata depend

on the chart type.

The fields in stats are selected from the

following:

mean — Subgroup means

std — Subgroup standard

deviations

range — Subgroup ranges

n — Subgroup size, or total

inspection size or area

i — Individual data values

ma — Moving averages

mr — Moving ranges

count — Count of defects

or defective items

mu — Estimated process mean

sigma — Estimated process

standard deviation

p — Estimated proportion

defective

m — Estimated mean defects

per unit

The fields in plotdata are the following:

pts — Plotted point values

cl — Center line

lcl — Lower control limit

ucl — Upper control limit

se — Standard error of plotted

point

n — Subgroup size

ooc — Logical that is true

for points that are out of control

controlchart(x,group,'name',value) specifies

one or more of the following optional parameter name/value pairs,

with name in single quotes:

charttype — The name of

a chart type chosen from among the following:

'xbar' — Xbar

or mean

's' — Standard deviation

'r' — Range

'ewma' — Exponentially weighted

moving average

'i' — Individual observation

'mr' — Moving range of individual

observations

'ma' — Moving average of

individual observations

'p' — Proportion defective

'np' — Number of defectives

'u' — Defects per unit

'c' — Count of defects

Alternatively, a parameter can be a string array or cell array listing multiple compatible

chart types. There are four sets of compatible types:

'xbar', 's', 'r',

and 'ewma'

'i', 'mr', and 'ma'

'p' and 'np'

'u' and 'c'

display — Either 'on' (default)

to display the control chart, or 'off' to omit

the display

label — A character vector, string array, or cell array of

character vectors, one per subgroup. This label is displayed as part of the data cursor for a

point on the plot.

lambda — A parameter between

0 and 1 controlling how much the current prediction is influenced

by past observations in an EWMA plot. Higher values of 'lambda' give

less weight to past observations and more weight to the current observation.

The default is 0.4.

limits — A three-element vector specifying the values of the

lower control limit, center line, and upper control limits. Default is to estimate the center

line and to compute control limits based on the estimated value of sigma. Not permitted if

there are multiple chart types.

mean — Value for the process

mean, or an empty value (default) to estimate the mean from X.

This is the p parameter for p and np charts,

the mean defects per unit for u and c charts,

and the normal mu parameter for other charts.

nsigma — The number of sigma

multiples from the center line to a control limit. Default is 3.

parent — The handle of the

axes to receive the control chart plot. Default is to create axes

in a new figure. Not permitted if there are multiple chart types.

rules — The name of a control rule, or a string array or cell

array containing multiple control rule names. These rules, together with the control limits,

determine if a point is marked as out of control. The default is to apply no control rules, and

to use only the control limits to decide if a point is out of control. See controlrules for more information. Control rules are applied to charts that

measure the process level (xbar, i, c,

u, p, and np) rather than the

variability (r, s), and they are not applied to charts

based on moving statistics (ma, mr,

ewma).

sigma — Either a value for

sigma, or a method of estimating sigma chosen from among 'std' (the

default) to use the average within-subgroup standard deviation, 'range' to

use the average subgroup range, and 'variance' to

use the square root of the pooled variance. When creating i, mr,

or ma charts for data not in subgroups, the estimate

is always based on a moving range.

specs — A vector specifying

specification limits. Typically this is a two-element vector of lower

and upper specification limits. Since specification limits typically

apply to individual measurements, this parameter is primarily suitable

for i charts. These limits are not plotted on r, s,

or mr charts.

unit — The total number

of inspected items for p and np charts,

and the size of the inspected unit for u and c charts.

In both cases X must be the count of the number

of defects or defectives found. Default is 1 for u and c charts.

This argument is required (no default) for p and np charts.

width — The width of the

window used for computing the moving ranges and averages in mr and ma charts,

and for computing the sigma estimate in i, mr,

and ma charts. Default is 5.