UNIX 域套接字

UNIX 域协议并不是一个实际的协议族，而是在单个主机上执行客户/服务器通信的一种方式。UNIX域提供两类套接字：字节流套接字（类似TCP）和数据报套接字（类似UDP）

Unix 域套接字的地址结构

struct sockaddr_un {
    sa_family_t sun_family; /*AF_UNIX*/
    char sun_path[108]; /*pathname*/
};

域套接字函数

socketpair 函数

       #include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
       #include <sys/socket.h>

       int socketpair(int domain, int type, int protocol, int sv[2]);
       domain 必须是AF_LOCAL
       protocol 必须是 0
       type 可以是SOCK_STREAM 或者SOCK_DGRAM
       新创建的两个套接字描述符sv[0]，sv[1]；

域套接字和套接字存在的差别

程序实例

服务端程序

#include	<sys/types.h>	/* basic system data types */
#include	<sys/socket.h>	/* basic socket definitions */
#include	<sys/time.h>	/* timeval{} for select() */
#include	<time.h>		/* timespec{} for pselect() */
#include	<netinet/in.h>	/* sockaddr_in{} and other Internet defns */
#include	<arpa/inet.h>	/* inet(3) functions */
#include	<netinet/sctp.h> /* note if sctp does not exist we blow up :> */
#include	<errno.h>
#include	<fcntl.h>		/* for nonblocking */
#include	<netdb.h>
#include	<signal.h>
#include	<stdio.h>
#include	<stdlib.h>
#include	<string.h>
#include	<sys/stat.h>	/* for S_xxx file mode constants */
#include	<sys/uio.h>		/* for iovec{} and readv/writev */
#include	<unistd.h>
#include	<sys/wait.h>
#include	<sys/un.h>		/* for Unix domain sockets */


#define	UNIXSTR_PATH	"/tmp/unix.str"	/* Unix domain stream cli-serv */
#define	UNIXDG_PATH		"/tmp/unix.dg"	/* Unix domain datagram cli-serv */

void str_echo(int sockfd)
{
	ssize_t		n;
	char		buf[65507];

again:
	while ( (n = read(sockfd, buf, 65507)) > 0)
		Writen(sockfd, buf, n);

	if (n < 0 && errno == EINTR)
		goto again;
	else if (n < 0)
		err_sys("str_echo: read error");
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int					listenfd, connfd;
	pid_t				childpid;
	socklen_t			clilen;
	struct sockaddr_un	cliaddr, servaddr;
	void				sig_chld(int);

	listenfd = Socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

	unlink(UNIXSTR_PATH);
	bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
	servaddr.sun_family = AF_LOCAL;
	strcpy(servaddr.sun_path, UNIXSTR_PATH);

	Bind(listenfd, (SA *) &servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));

	Listen(listenfd, LISTENQ);

	Signal(SIGCHLD, sig_chld);

	for ( ; ; ) {
		clilen = sizeof(cliaddr);
		if ( (connfd = accept(listenfd, (SA *) &cliaddr, &clilen)) < 0) {
			if (errno == EINTR)
				continue;		/* back to for() */
			else
				err_sys("accept error");
		}

		if ( (childpid = Fork()) == 0) {	/* child process */
			Close(listenfd);	/* close listening socket */
			str_echo(connfd);	/* process the request */
			exit(0);
		}
		Close(connfd);			/* parent closes connected socket */
	}
}

客户端程序

#include	<sys/types.h>	/* basic system data types */
#include	<sys/socket.h>	/* basic socket definitions */
#include	<sys/time.h>	/* timeval{} for select() */
#include	<time.h>		/* timespec{} for pselect() */
#include	<netinet/in.h>	/* sockaddr_in{} and other Internet defns */
#include	<arpa/inet.h>	/* inet(3) functions */
#include	<netinet/sctp.h> /* note if sctp does not exist we blow up :> */
#include	<errno.h>
#include	<fcntl.h>		/* for nonblocking */
#include	<netdb.h>
#include	<signal.h>
#include	<stdio.h>
#include	<stdlib.h>
#include	<string.h>
#include	<sys/stat.h>	/* for S_xxx file mode constants */
#include	<sys/uio.h>		/* for iovec{} and readv/writev */
#include	<unistd.h>
#include	<sys/wait.h>
#include	<sys/un.h>		/* for Unix domain sockets */ 

#define	UNIXSTR_PATH	"/tmp/unix.str"	/* Unix domain stream cli-serv */
#define	UNIXDG_PATH		"/tmp/unix.dg"	/* Unix domain datagram cli-serv */

void str_cli(FILE *fp, int sockfd)
{
	char	sendline[65507], recvline[65507];

	while (Fgets(sendline, 65507, fp) != NULL) {

		Writen(sockfd, sendline, strlen(sendline));

		if (Readline(sockfd, recvline, 65507) == 0)
			err_quit("str_cli: server terminated prematurely");

		Fputs(recvline, stdout);
	}
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int					sockfd;
	struct sockaddr_un	servaddr;

	sockfd = Socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

	bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
	servaddr.sun_family = AF_LOCAL;
	strcpy(servaddr.sun_path, UNIXSTR_PATH);

	Connect(sockfd, (SA *) &servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));

	str_cli(stdin, sockfd);		/* do it all */

	exit(0);
}