python str has no attribute_Python AttributeError: module 'string' has no attribute 'maketrans'

问题

I am receiving the below error when trying to run a command in Python 3.5.2 shell:

Python 3.5.2 (v3.5.2:4def2a2901a5, Jun 25 2016, 22:01:18) [MSC v.1900 32 bit

(Intel)] on win32 Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.

>>> folder = 'C:/users/kdotz/desktop'

>>> f = open(folder + '/genesis.txt', 'r')

>>> import operator, time, string

>>> start=time.time()

>>> genesis = {}

>>> for line in f:

line=line.split()

for word in line:

word = word.lower()

new_word=word.translate(string.maketrans("",""), string.punctutation)

if new_word in genesis:

genesis[new_word]+=1

else:

genesis[new_word]=1

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 5, in

new_word=word.translate(string.maketrans("",""), string.punctutation)

AttributeError: module 'string' has no attribute 'maketrans'

What am I doing incorrectly? I import string at the top of the code. Thanks in advance for the help!

回答1:

maketrans is deprecated in favor of new static methods

The string.maketrans() function is deprecated and is replaced by new static methods, bytes.maketrans() and bytearray.maketrans(). This change solves the confusion around which types were supported by the string module. Now, str, bytes, and bytearray each have their own maketrans and translate methods with intermediate translation tables of the appropriate type.

You can use dir() to verify that whenever you have this kind of issue:

>>> import string

>>>

>>> dir(string)

['Formatter', 'Template', '_ChainMap', '_TemplateMetaclass', '__all__', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', '_re', '_string', 'ascii_letters', 'ascii_lowercase', 'ascii_uppercase', 'capwords', 'digits', 'hexdigits', 'octdigits', 'printable', 'punctuation', 'whitespace']

>>>

As you can see, there is no maketrans in the resulted list above.