mnist手写数字识别python_基于Tensorflow的MNIST手写数字识别分类

本文实例为大家分享了基于Tensorflow的MNIST手写数字识别分类的具体实现代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

代码如下：

import tensorflow as tf

import numpy as np

from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data

from tensorflow.contrib.tensorboard.plugins import projector

import time

IMAGE_PIXELS = 28

hidden_unit = 100

output_nums = 10

learning_rate = 0.001

train_steps = 50000

batch_size = 500

test_data_size = 10000

#日志目录(这里根据自己的目录修改)

logdir = 'D:/Develop_Software/Anaconda3/WorkDirectory/summary/mnist'

#导入mnist数据

mnist = input_data.read_data_sets('MNIST_data', one_hot = True)

#全局训练步数

global_step = tf.Variable(0, name = 'global_step', trainable = False)

with tf.name_scope('input'):

#输入数据

with tf.name_scope('x'):

x = tf.placeholder(

dtype = tf.float32, shape = (None, IMAGE_PIXELS * IMAGE_PIXELS))

#收集x图像的会总数据

with tf.name_scope('x_summary'):

shaped_image_batch = tf.reshape(

tensor = x,

shape = (-1, IMAGE_PIXELS, IMAGE_PIXELS, 1),

name = 'shaped_image_batch')

tf.summary.image(name = 'image_summary',

tensor = shaped_image_batch,

max_outputs = 10)

with tf.name_scope('y_'):

y_ = tf.placeholder(dtype = tf.float32, shape = (None, 10))

with tf.name_scope('hidden_layer'):

with tf.name_scope('hidden_arg'):

#隐层模型参数

with tf.name_scope('hid_w'):

hid_w = tf.Variable(

tf.truncated_normal(shape = (IMAGE_PIXELS * IMAGE_PIXELS, hidden_unit)),

name = 'hidden_w')

#添加获取隐层权重统计值汇总数据的汇总操作

tf.summary.histogram(name = 'weights', values = hid_w)

with tf.name_scope('hid_b'):

hid_b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros(shape = (1, hidden_unit), dtype = tf.float32),

name = 'hidden_b')

#隐层输出

with tf.name_scope('relu'):

hid_out = tf.nn.relu(tf.matmul(x, hid_w) + hid_b)

with tf.name_scope('softmax_layer'):

with tf.name_scope('softmax_arg'):

#softmax层参数

with tf.name_scope('sm_w'):

sm_w = tf.Variable(

tf.truncated_normal(shape = (hidden_unit, output_nums)),

name = 'softmax_w')

#添加获取softmax层权重统计值汇总数据的汇总操作

tf.summary.histogram(name = 'weights', values = sm_w)

with tf.name_scope('sm_b'):

sm_b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros(shape = (1, output_nums), dtype = tf.float32),

name = 'softmax_b')

#softmax层的输出

with tf.name_scope('softmax'):

y = tf.nn.softmax(tf.matmul(hid_out, sm_w) + sm_b)

#梯度裁剪，因为概率取值为[0, 1]为避免出现无意义的log(0)，故将y值裁剪到[1e-10, 1]

y_clip = tf.clip_by_value(y, 1.0e-10, 1 - 1.0e-5)

with tf.name_scope('cross_entropy'):

#使用交叉熵代价函数

cross_entropy = -tf.reduce_sum(y_ * tf.log(y_clip) + (1 - y_) * tf.log(1 - y_clip))

#添加获取交叉熵的汇总操作

tf.summary.scalar(name = 'cross_entropy', tensor = cross_entropy)

with tf.name_scope('train'):

#若不使用同步训练机制，使用Adam优化器

optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(learning_rate = learning_rate)

#单步训练操作，

train_op = optimizer.minimize(cross_entropy, global_step = global_step)

#加载测试数据

test_image = mnist.test.images

test_label = mnist.test.labels

test_feed = {x:test_image, y_:test_label}

with tf.name_scope('accuracy'):

prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(input = y, axis = 1),

tf.argmax(input = y_, axis = 1))

accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(

input_tensor = tf.cast(x = prediction, dtype = tf.float32))

#创建嵌入变量

embedding_var = tf.Variable(test_image, trainable = False, name = 'embedding')

saver = tf.train.Saver({'embedding':embedding_var})

#创建元数据文件，将MNIST图像测试集对应的标签写入文件

def CreateMedaDataFile():

with open(logdir + '/metadata.tsv', 'w') as f:

label = np.nonzero(test_label)[1]

for i in range(test_data_size):

f.write('%d\n' % label[i])

#创建投影配置参数

def CreateProjectorConfig():

config = projector.ProjectorConfig()

embeddings = config.embeddings.add()

embeddings.tensor_name = 'embedding:0'

embeddings.metadata_path = logdir + '/metadata.tsv'

projector.visualize_embeddings(writer, config)

#聚集汇总操作

merged = tf.summary.merge_all()

#创建会话的配置参数

sess_config = tf.ConfigProto(

allow_soft_placement = True,

log_device_placement = False)

#创建会话

with tf.Session(config = sess_config) as sess:

#创建FileWriter实例

writer = tf.summary.FileWriter(logdir = logdir, graph = sess.graph)

#初始化全局变量

sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())

time_begin = time.time()

print('Training begin time: %f' % time_begin)

while True:

#加载训练批数据

batch_x, batch_y = mnist.train.next_batch(batch_size)

train_feed = {x:batch_x, y_:batch_y}

loss, _, summary= sess.run([cross_entropy, train_op, merged], feed_dict = train_feed)

step = global_step.eval()

#如果step为100的整数倍

if step % 100 == 0:

now = time.time()

print('%f: global_step = %d, loss = %f' % (

now, step, loss))

#向事件文件中添加汇总数据

writer.add_summary(summary = summary, global_step = step)

#若大于等于训练总步数，退出训练

if step >= train_steps:

break

time_end = time.time()

print('Training end time: %f' % time_end)

print('Training time: %f' % (time_end - time_begin))

#测试模型精度

test_accuracy = sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict = test_feed)

print('accuracy: %f' % test_accuracy)

saver.save(sess = sess, save_path = logdir + '/embedding_var.ckpt')

CreateMedaDataFile()

CreateProjectorConfig()

#关闭FileWriter

writer.close()

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