python之路 mysql 博客园_python之路-Pymysql

pip3 install pymysql

1、执行SQL

1 #!/usr/bin/env pytho

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 importpymysql4

5 #创建连接

6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1', charset='utf8')7 #创建游标

8 cursor =conn.cursor()9

10 #执行SQL，并返回收影响行数

11 effect_row = cursor.execute("select * from tb7")12

13 #执行SQL，并返回受影响行数

14 #effect_row = cursor.execute("update tb7 set pass = '123' where nid = %s", (11,))

15

16 #执行SQL，并返回受影响行数,执行多次

17 #effect_row = cursor.executemany("insert into tb7(user,pass,licnese)values(%s,%s,%s)", [("u1","u1pass","11111"),("u2","u2pass","22222")])

18

19

20 #提交，不然无法保存新建或者修改的数据

21 conn.commit()22

23 #关闭游标

24 cursor.close()25 #关闭连接

26 conn.close()

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注意：存在中文的时候，连接需要添加charset='utf8'，否则中文显示乱码。

2、获取查询数据

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4 importpymysql5

6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')7 cursor =conn.cursor()8 cursor.execute("select * from tb7")9

10 #获取剩余结果的第一行数据

11 row_1 =cursor.fetchone()12 printrow_113 #获取剩余结果前n行数据

14 #row_2 = cursor.fetchmany(3)

15

16 #获取剩余结果所有数据

17 #row_3 = cursor.fetchall()

18

19 conn.commit()20 cursor.close()21 conn.close()

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3、获取新创建数据自增ID

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4 importpymysql5

6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')7 cursor =conn.cursor()8 effect_row = cursor.executemany("insert into tb7(user,pass,licnese)values(%s,%s,%s)", [("u3","u3pass","11113"),("u4","u4pass","22224")])9 conn.commit()10 cursor.close()11 conn.close()12 #获取自增id

13 new_id =cursor.lastrowid14 print new_id

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4、移动游标

操作都是靠游标，那对游标的控制也是必须的

1 注：在fetch数据时按照顺序进行，可以使用cursor.scroll(num,mode)来移动游标位置，如：2

3 cursor.scroll(1,mode='relative') #相对当前位置移动

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5、fetch数据类型

关于默认获取的数据是元祖类型，如果想要或者字典类型的数据，即：

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4 importpymysql5

6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')7 #游标设置为字典类型

8 cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)9 cursor.execute("select * from tb7")10

11 row_1 =cursor.fetchone()12 print row_1　　#{u'licnese': 213, u'user': '123', u'nid': 10, u'pass': '213'}

13

14 conn.commit()15 cursor.close()16 conn.close()

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6、调用存储过程

a、调用无参存储过程

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4

5 importpymysql6

7 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')8 #游标设置为字典类型

9 cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)10 #无参数存储过程

11 cursor.callproc('p2') #等价于cursor.execute("call p2()")

12

13 row_1 =cursor.fetchone()14 printrow_115

16

17 conn.commit()18 cursor.close()19 conn.close()

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b、调用有参存储过程

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4

5 importpymysql6

7 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')8 cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)9

10 cursor.callproc('p1', args=(1, 22, 3, 4))11 #获取执行完存储的参数,参数@开头

12 cursor.execute("select @p1,@_p1_1,@_p1_2,@_p1_3") #{u'@_p1_1': 22, u'@p1': None, u'@_p1_2': 103, u'@_p1_3': 24}

13 row_1 =cursor.fetchone()14 printrow_115

16

17 conn.commit()18 cursor.close()19 conn.close()

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三、关于pymysql防注入

1、字符串拼接查询，造成注入

正常查询语句：

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4 importpymysql5

6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')7 cursor =conn.cursor()8 user="u1"

9 passwd="u1pass"

10 #正常构造语句的情况

11 sql="select user,pass from tb7 where user='%s' and pass='%s'" %(user,passwd)12 #sql=select user,pass from tb7 where user='u1' and pass='u1pass'

13 row_count=cursor.execute(sql) row_1 =cursor.fetchone()14 printrow_count,row_115

16 conn.commit()17 cursor.close()18 conn.close()

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构造注入语句：

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4 importpymysql5

6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')7 cursor =conn.cursor()8

9 user="u1' or '1'--"

10 passwd="u1pass"

11 sql="select user,pass from tb7 where user='%s' and pass='%s'" %(user,passwd)12

13 #拼接语句被构造成下面这样，永真条件，此时就注入成功了。因此要避免这种情况需使用pymysql提供的参数化查询。

14 #select user,pass from tb7 where user='u1' or '1'-- ' and pass='u1pass'

15

16 row_count=cursor.execute(sql)17 row_1 =cursor.fetchone()18 printrow_count,row_119

20

21 conn.commit()22 cursor.close()23 conn.close()

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2、避免注入，使用pymysql提供的参数化语句

正常参数化查询

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4

5 importpymysql6

7 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')8 cursor =conn.cursor()9 user="u1"

10 passwd="u1pass"

11 #执行参数化查询

12 row_count=cursor.execute("select user,pass from tb7 where user=%s and pass=%s",(user,passwd))13 row_1 =cursor.fetchone()14 printrow_count,row_115

16 conn.commit()17 cursor.close()18 conn.close()

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构造注入，参数化查询注入失败。

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4 importpymysql5

6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')7 cursor =conn.cursor()8

9 user="u1' or '1'--"

10 passwd="u1pass"

11 #执行参数化查询

12 row_count=cursor.execute("select user,pass from tb7 where user=%s and pass=%s",(user,passwd))13 #内部执行参数化生成的SQL语句，对特殊字符进行了加\转义，避免注入语句生成。

14 #sql=cursor.mogrify("select user,pass from tb7 where user=%s and pass=%s",(user,passwd))

15 #print sql

16 #select user,pass from tb7 where user='u1\' or \'1\'-- ' and pass='u1pass'被转义的语句。

17

18 row_1 =cursor.fetchone()19 printrow_count,row_120

21 conn.commit()22 cursor.close()23 conn.close()

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结论：excute执行SQL语句的时候，必须使用参数化的方式，否则必然产生SQL注入漏洞。

3、使用存mysql储过程动态执行SQL防注入

使用MYSQL存储过程自动提供防注入，动态传入SQL到存储过程执行语句。

1 delimiter \\2 DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_sql \\3 CREATE PROCEDURE proc_sql (4 innid1 INT,5 innid2 INT,6 in callsql VARCHAR(255)7 )8 BEGIN9 set @nid1 =nid1;10 set @nid2 =nid2;11 set @callsql =callsql;12 PREPARE myprod FROM @callsql;13 -- PREPARE prod FROM 'select * from tb2 where nid>? and nid'; 传入的值为字符串，？为占位符14 --用@p1，和@p2填充占位符15 EXECUTE myprod USING @nid1,@nid2;16 DEALLOCATE prepare myprod;17

18 END\\19 delimiter ;

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1 set @nid1=12;2 set @nid2=15;3 set @callsql = 'select * from tb7 where nid>? and nid';4 CALL proc_sql(@nid1,@nid2,@callsql)

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pymsql中调用

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4 importpymysql5

6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')7 cursor =conn.cursor()8 mysql="select * from tb7 where nid>? and nid"

9 cursor.callproc('proc_sql', args=(11, 15, mysql))10

11 rows =cursor.fetchall()12 print rows #((12, 'u1', 'u1pass', 11111), (13, 'u2', 'u2pass', 22222), (14, 'u3', 'u3pass', 11113))

13 conn.commit()14 cursor.close()15 conn.close()

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四、使用with简化连接过程

每次都连接关闭很麻烦，使用上下文管理，简化连接过程

1 #! /usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

3 #__author__ = "TKQ"

4

5 importpymysql6 importcontextlib7 #定义上下文管理器，连接后自动关闭连接

8 @contextlib.contextmanager9 def mysql(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1',charset='utf8'):10 conn = pymysql.connect(host=host, port=port, user=user, passwd=passwd, db=db, charset=charset)11 cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)12 try:13 yieldcursor14 finally:15 conn.commit()16 cursor.close()17 conn.close()18

19 #执行sql

20 with mysql() as cursor:21 print(cursor)22 row_count = cursor.execute("select * from tb7")23 row_1 =cursor.fetchone()24 print row_count, row_1

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