虚幻4 python_虚幻4渲染编程（DCC工具篇---Maya）【Maya Python Scripting（2）】

MY BLOG DIRECTORY：YivanLee：专题概述及目录​zhuanlan.zhihu.com

INTRODUCTION：

上一卷花了三小时入门了Maya python脚本编程，这一部分主要是在Maya中用脚本做一些功能，这些一个个的功能经过封装和UI制作就能成插件。

MAIN CONTENT：

【1】在模型顶点上再生成模型

import maya.cmds as cmd

vertexes = cmd.ls(selection = True, fl = True)

for vet in vertexes:

pos = cmd.xform(vet, query = True, translation = True, worldSpace = True)

print pos

ball = cmd.polySphere(sx = 10, sy = 10, r = 0.5, name = str(vet))

cmd.move(pos[0],pos[1], pos[2], ball)

【2】给模型设置随机顶点色

操作之前需要打开顶点色预览

import maya.cmds as cmd

import random

random.seed(1234)

vertexes = cmd.ls(selection = True, fl = True)

for vet in vertexes:

cmd.select('%s' % vet)

r = random.uniform(0, 1)

g = random.uniform(0, 1)

b = random.uniform(0, 1)

cmds.polyColorPerVertex(rgb=(r, g, b))

【3】把世界坐标烘焙到定点色里

import maya.cmds as cmd

import random

random.seed(1234)

vertexes = cmd.ls(selection = True, fl = True)

for vet in vertexes:

cmd.select('%s' % vet)

pos = cmd.xform(vet, query = True, translation = True, worldSpace = True)

r = pos[0]

g = pos[1]

b = pos[2]

cmds.polyColorPerVertex(rgb=(r, g, b))

【4】获取模型法线，并运算，并把它存到顶点色里作为第二套法线

import maya.cmds as cmd

vertexes = cmd.ls(selection = True, fl = True)

for vet in vertexes:

cmd.select('%s' % vet)

normal = cmd.polyNormalPerVertex(query = True, xyz = True)

r = normal[0] * 2 - 1

g = normal[1] * 2 - 1

b = normal[2] * 2 - 1

cmds.polyColorPerVertex(rgb=(r, g, b))

【5】修改顶点法线

import maya.cmds as cmd

vertexes = cmd.ls(selection = True, fl = True)

for vet in vertexes:

cmd.select('%s' % vet)

normal = cmd.polyNormalPerVertex(xyz = (0,1,0))

【6】碰撞检测

从 om.MFloatPoint(0, 10, 0)处，沿-Y发射射线，得到一个位置，并且在这个位置上生成Locator

import maya.cmds as cmds

import maya.OpenMaya as om

def Tracing():

pos = om.MPoint()

dir = om.MVector()

hitpoint = om.MFloatPoint()

allMeshInScene = cmds.ls(type='mesh')

startPoint = om.MFloatPoint(0, 10, 0)

rayDir = om.MFloatVector(0, -1, 0)

for mesh in allMeshInScene:

selectionList = om.MSelectionList()

selectionList.add(mesh)

dagPath = om.MDagPath()

selectionList.getDagPath(0, dagPath)

fnMesh = om.MFnMesh(dagPath)

intersection = fnMesh.closestIntersection(

om.MFloatPoint(startPoint),

om.MFloatVector(rayDir),

None,

None,

False,

om.MSpace.kWorld,

99999,

False,

None,

hitpoint,

None,

None,

None,

None,

None)

if intersection:

x = hitpoint.x

y = hitpoint.y

z = hitpoint.z

cmds.spaceLocator(p = (x,y,z))

Tracing()

【7】在模型表面点击生成Locator

import maya.OpenMaya as om

import maya.OpenMayaUI as omui

import maya.cmds as cmds

ctx = 'myCtx'

def onPress():

vpX, vpY, _ = cmds.draggerContext(ctx, query=True, anchorPoint=True)

print(vpX, vpY)

pos = om.MPoint()

dir = om.MVector()

hitpoint = om.MFloatPoint()

omui.M3dView().active3dView().viewToWorld(int(vpX), int(vpY), pos, dir)

pos2 = om.MFloatPoint(pos.x, pos.y, pos.z)

for mesh in cmds.ls(type='mesh'):

selectionList = om.MSelectionList()

selectionList.add(mesh)

dagPath = om.MDagPath()

selectionList.getDagPath(0, dagPath)

fnMesh = om.MFnMesh(dagPath)

intersection = fnMesh.closestIntersection(

om.MFloatPoint(pos2),

om.MFloatVector(dir),

None,

None,

False,

om.MSpace.kWorld,

99999,

False,

None,

hitpoint,

None,

None,

None,

None,

None)

if intersection:

x = hitpoint.x

y = hitpoint.y

z = hitpoint.z

cmds.spaceLocator(p = (x,y,z))

if cmds.draggerContext(ctx, exists = True):

cmds.deleteUI(ctx)

cmds.draggerContext(ctx, pressCommand = onPress, name = ctx, cursor = 'crossHair')

cmds.setToolTo(ctx)

这里制作了一个工具并绑定到工具架上

这个工具的PressCommand绑定到了我们脚本的Press函数。

【8】在maya python脚本中把数组数据存到贴图里并导出

import maya.OpenMaya as op

m_util = op.MScriptUtil

m_height = 64

m_width = 64

m_depth = 4

m_image = OpenMaya.MImage()

m_image.create(m_height, m_width, m_depth)

m_pixels = m_image.pixels()

m_arrayLen = m_width * m_height * m_depth

for i in range(0, m_arrayLen, m_depth):

m_util.setUcharArray(m_pixels, i+0, 255)

m_util.setUcharArray(m_pixels, i+1, 255)

m_util.setUcharArray(m_pixels, i+2, 0)

m_util.setUcharArray(m_pixels, i+3, 0)

m_image.setPixels(m_pixels, m_height, m_width)

m_image.writeToFile( "F:/Test.png", '.png' )

这里其实只要改一下后缀名就能导出各种图片格式了，OpenMaya.Image这个类十分强大。

【9】在ObjectMode下选中一个物体，直接对其UV进行修改

import maya.cmds as cmd

SelectMeshList = cmd.ls(selection = True, flatten = True)

if len(SelectMeshList) > 0:

MeshToModify = SelectMeshList[0]

MeshUVArray = cmd.ls("{}.map[0:]".format(MeshToModify), flatten = True)

for UV in MeshUVArray:

cmd.select(UV)

cmd.polyEditUV(scaleU = 2)

cmd.select(clear = True)

SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK：

先这样吧，以后还有觉得不错的小功能代码我会在这篇文章里补。第三卷也就是下一卷是做大插件。我写Python的时候还是喜欢c++的驼峰写法，各种flag的缩写真心无法接受，比如：

cmd.ls(s = 1, f = 1)

这是什么，正统应该这么写！

cmd.ls(selection = True, flatten = True)

每次看代码都要反应半天想这个缩写全称是啥，这真是写时一时爽，维护火葬场。

enjoy it.

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