python bar图_python 画bar图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np

import pandas as pd

from scipy.interpolate import griddata

import netCDF4 as nc

from matplotlib.colors import LinearSegmentedColormap

import cmaps

import cartopy.crs as ccrs

from cartopy.mpl.ticker import LongitudeFormatter, LatitudeFormatter

import sys

sys.path.append('/home/wangnan/data/era5/')

import maps

import matplotlib.colors as colors

import xarray as xr

#read data

df1=pd.read_excel('/home/wangnan/forzy/pmf.xlsx',sheet_name='summer')

df2=pd.read_excel('/home/wangnan/forzy/pmf.xlsx',sheet_name='fall')

#set font

font1={'family' : 'Arial',

'weight' : 'normal',

'size' : 16,

}

#begin to plot

fig=plt.figure(num=1,figsize=(18,25))

ind=np.arange(len(df1['percentage'])) #得到x轴的长度信息

width=0.35

plt.subplot(6,1,1)

plt.bar(ind-width/2,df1['Vehicle emission'], width,facecolor='lightskyblue',edgecolor='k',label='summer')

plt.bar(ind+width/2,df2['Vehicle emission'], width,facecolor='lightskyblue',edgecolor='k',label='fall',hatch=('\\')) #hatch改变柱子的pattern，这个设置很骚

plt.legend(fontsize=16) #修改label的字体

plt.title('Factor 1: Vehicle emission',font1)

plt.ylabel('% of species',font1)

#set labels

plt.tick_params(labelsize=16)

plt.xticks([]) #关掉x轴

plt.subplot(6,1,2)

plt.bar(ind-width/2,df1['LPG usage'], width,facecolor='lightcoral',edgecolor='k',label='summer')

plt.bar(ind+width/2,df2['LPG usage'], width,facecolor='lightcoral',edgecolor='k',label='fall',hatch=('\\'))

plt.title('Factor 2: LPG usage',font1)

plt.ylabel('% of species',font1)

plt.legend(fontsize=16)

plt.tick_params(labelsize=16)

plt.xticks([])

plt.subplot(6,1,3)

plt.bar(ind-width/2,df1['Gasoline evaporation'], width,facecolor='violet',edgecolor='k',label='summer')

plt.bar(ind+width/2,df2['Gasoline evaporation'], width,facecolor='violet',edgecolor='k',label='fall',hatch=('\\'))

plt.title('Factor 3: Gasoline evaporation',font1)

plt.tick_params(labelsize=16)

plt.ylabel('% of species', font1)

plt.legend(fontsize=16)

plt.xticks([])

plt.subplot(6,1,4)

plt.bar(ind-width/2,df1['Paint & varnish'], width,facecolor='grey',edgecolor='k',label='summer')

plt.bar(ind+width/2,df2['Paint & varnish'], width,facecolor='grey',edgecolor='k',label='fall',hatch=('\\'))

plt.title('Factor 4: Paint & varnish',font1)

plt.ylabel('% of species', font1)

plt.legend(fontsize=16)

plt.tick_params(labelsize=16)

plt.xticks([])

plt.subplot(6,1,5)

plt.bar(ind-width/2,df1['Consumer'], width,facecolor='turquoise',edgecolor='k',label='summer')

plt.bar(ind+width/2,df2['Consumer'], width,facecolor='turquoise',edgecolor='k',label='fall',hatch=('\\'))

plt.title('Factor 5: Consumer & household product',font1)

plt.ylabel('% of species', font1)

plt.legend(fontsize=16)

plt.tick_params(labelsize=16)

plt.xticks([])

plt.subplot(6,1,6)

plt.bar(ind-width/2,df1['BVOC'], width,facecolor='lawngreen',edgecolor='k',label='summer')

plt.bar(ind+width/2,df2['BVOC'], width,facecolor='lawngreen',edgecolor='k',label='fall',hatch=('\\'))

plt.title('Factor 6: BVOC',font1)

plt.tick_params(labelsize=16)

plt.ylabel('% of species', font1)

plt.legend(fontsize=16)

plt.xticks(ind,df1['percentage'])

plt.xticks(rotation=60)

#set labels

plt.tick_params(labelsize=16)

plt.savefig('./pmf.png')

plt.show()