python调用c语言接口_Linux使用Python调用C/C++接口(一)

C++头文件 pyExt.h:

#ifndef PYEXT_H

#define PYEXT_H

#include

class pyExt

{

public:

pyExt() {}

~pyExt() {}

static void Foo();

};

#endif // PYEXT_H

main.cpp:

#include "pyExt.h"

#include

using namespace std;

void pyExt::Foo() {

printf("printf, Python extensions!!\n");

cout << "cout, Python extensions!!" << endl;

}

static PyObject *func(void) {

printf("printf, Python extensions!!\n");

cout << "cout, Python extensions!!" << endl;

return Py_BuildValue("s", "Hello, Python extensions!!");

}

static PyMethodDef My_methods[] = {

{ "func", (PyCFunction) func, METH_VARARGS, NULL },

{ NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }

};

PyMODINIT_FUNC initPyExt(void) {

PyObject *m=Py_InitModule("PyExt", My_methods);

if (m == NULL)

return;

}

c模块中的函数签名一般有下列三种形式:

PyObject*MyFunction(PyObject*self, PyObject*args);

PyObject*MyFunctionWithKeywords(PyObject*self, PyObject*args, PyObject*kw);

PyObject*MyFunctionWithNoArgs(PyObject*self);

继续上面例子, 最方便最快捷扩展接口, 首先写一个setup.py脚本:

from distutils.core import setup, Extension

setup(name='PyExt', version='1.0', \

ext_modules=[Extension('PyExt', sources = ['main.cpp'])])

然后执行下述命令进行build:

python ./setup.py build 这会在当前目录下生成一个build子目录，其中包含了中间生成的PyExt.o以及最后生成出来的PyExt.so.

进行安装命令:

python ./setup.py install

或者手动复制到以下目录:

sudo cp PyExt.so 到 /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages

可以开始测试模块了：

shell中命令运行python, import模块名, dir查看被导出函数名:

>>import PyExt

>>dir(PyExt)

>>['__doc__','__file__','__name__','__package__','func']

得知调用函数为func(), 测试函数:

import PyExt

def main():

print PyExt.func()

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()