requests 200 scrapy超时_scrapy的errback

在scrapy我们可以设置一些参数，如DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT，一般我会设置为10，意思是请求下载时间最大是10秒，文档介绍

如果下载超时会抛出一个错误，比如说

def start_requests(self):
        yield scrapy.Request('https://www.baidu.com/', meta={'download_timeout': 0.1})

日志设为DEBUG级别，重试设为3次，运行之后的日志

2019-05-23 19:38:01 [scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry] DEBUG: Retrying <GET https://www.baidu.com/> (failed 1 times): User timeout caused connection failure: Getting https://www.baidu.com/ took longer than 0.1 seconds..
2019-05-23 19:38:01 [scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry] DEBUG: Retrying <GET https://www.baidu.com/> (failed 2 times): User timeout caused connection failure: Getting https://www.baidu.com/ took longer than 0.1 seconds..
2019-05-23 19:38:01 [scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry] DEBUG: Retrying <GET https://www.baidu.com/> (failed 3 times): User timeout caused connection failure: Getting https://www.baidu.com/ took longer than 0.1 seconds..
2019-05-23 19:38:01 [scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry] DEBUG: Gave up retrying <GET https://www.baidu.com/> (failed 4 times): User timeout caused connection failure.
2019-05-23 19:38:01 [scrapy.core.scraper] ERROR: Error downloading <GET https://www.baidu.com/>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/scrapy/core/downloader/middleware.py", line 43, in process_request
    defer.returnValue((yield download_func(request=request,spider=spider)))
twisted.internet.error.TimeoutError: User timeout caused connection failure.

可以看到重试三次之后，抛出异常。今天讲的就是如何处理这个异常，也就是scrapy的errback。

重新改写下代码

def start_requests(self):
        yield scrapy.Request('https://www.baidu.com/', meta={'download_timeout': 0.1},
                             errback=self.errback, callback=self.parse)

    def errback(self, failure):
        self.logger.error(repr(failure))

使用errback必须要有callback函数，日志输出

2019-05-23 19:46:20 [51bushou_shop] ERROR: <twisted.python.failure.Failure twisted.internet.error.TimeoutError: User timeout caused connection failure: Getting https://www.baidu.com/ took longer than 0.1 seconds..>

官方的例子

import scrapy

from scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror import HttpError
from twisted.internet.error import DNSLookupError
from twisted.internet.error import TimeoutError, TCPTimedOutError

class ErrbackSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "errback_example"
    start_urls = [
        "http://www.httpbin.org/",              # HTTP 200 expected
        "http://www.httpbin.org/status/404",    # Not found error
        "http://www.httpbin.org/status/500",    # server issue
        "http://www.httpbin.org:12345/",        # non-responding host, timeout expected
        "http://www.httphttpbinbin.org/",       # DNS error expected
    ]

    def start_requests(self):
        for u in self.start_urls:
            yield scrapy.Request(u, callback=self.parse_httpbin,
                                    errback=self.errback_httpbin,
                                    dont_filter=True)

    def parse_httpbin(self, response):
        self.logger.info('Got successful response from {}'.format(response.url))
        # do something useful here...

    def errback_httpbin(self, failure):
        # log all failures
        self.logger.error(repr(failure))

        # in case you want to do something special for some errors,
        # you may need the failure's type:

        if failure.check(HttpError):
            # these exceptions come from HttpError spider middleware
            # you can get the non-200 response
            response = failure.value.response
            self.logger.error('HttpError on %s', response.url)

        elif failure.check(DNSLookupError):
            # this is the original request
            request = failure.request
            self.logger.error('DNSLookupError on %s', request.url)

        elif failure.check(TimeoutError, TCPTimedOutError):
            request = failure.request
            self.logger.error('TimeoutError on %s', request.url)

failure.request就是我们创建的Request对象，如果需要重试，直接yield即可

errback函数能捕获的scrapy错误有：连接建立超时，DNS错误等。也就是日志中类似

twisted.internet.error.TimeoutError: User timeout caused connection failure.

源代码位置：error.py

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