安装:
1. 首先确定版本。因为我们的Oracle数据是在是有点老,所以我选择了一个比较老的版本——Oracle Instant Client 10.2.0.4。
$unzip instantclient-basic-linux.x64-10.2.0.4.0.zip
$cd instantclient_10_2
$cp * /usr/lib #直接放到动态库搜索路径中,不需要额外的环境配置
或
$unzip instantclient-basic-linux.x64-10.2.0.4.0.zip
$cp -rf instantclient_10_2 /opt/
$vi /etc/profile
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/instantclient_10_2
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME
$source /etc/profile
3.下载安装cx_Oracle python模块
tar zxvf cx_Oracle-5.1.tar.gz
cd cx_Oracle-5.1
python setup.py install
4.验证及问题解决
使用:
1.基本连接–使用Oracle tns alias
connection =cx_Oracle.connect("tp/tp@ocn_test")#查看tns alias命令
cmd>tnsping ocn_test
TNS Ping Utility forLinux: Version9.2.0.8.0-Production on 27-SEP-201110:47:48Copyright (c)1997, 2006, Oracle Corporation. Allrights reserved.
Used parameter files:/opt/……/sqlnet.ora
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST =(ADDRESS =(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST =10.20.36.19)(PORT =1520))) (CONNECT_DATA =(SID =ocntest)))
OK (10msec)
2.用户输入密码连接
pwd =getpass.getpass()
connection=cx_Oracle.connect("tp",pwd,"ocn_test")
3.用户直接在Python命令中输入连接账号信息,格式如python script.py tp/tp@ocn_test
connection =cx_Oracle.connect(sys.argv[1])
4.使用Easy Connect语法,通过Drive连接数据库
connection =cx_Oracle.connect('tp','tp','10.20.36.19:1521/ocntest')#or
connection =cx_Oracle.connect('tp/tp@10.20.36.19:1521/ocntest')
5.先使用DSN构成TNSNAME
tns_name =cx_Oracle.makedsn('10.20.36.19','1521','ocntest')
connection=cx_Oracle.connect('tp','tp',tns_name)
6.登陆as SYSDBA
connection =cx_Oracle.connect('tp/tp@ocn_test', mode=cx_Oracle.SYSDBA)#or as SYSOPER
connection =cx_Oracle.connect('tp/tp@ocn_test', mode=cx_Oracle.SYSOPER)
在Linux服务器执行Oracle操作时报了一个错误:
TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
解决方式:
问题分析见http://ora-12514.ora-code.com/,一番折腾,最后使用第5种连接方式,瞬间解决此问题。