fromurllib import request, parsefromurllib.error import HTTPError, URLErrorfromhttp import cookiejar
import jsonclass session(object):
def __init__(self):
#1、实例化cookie对象
cookie_obj=cookiejar.CookieJar()
#2、handler处理
handler=request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie_obj)
#3、opener 遇到有cookie的response的时候,调用handler内部的一个函数, 存储到cookie objectself.opener=request.build_opener(handler)
defget(self,url, headers=None):return get(url, headers, self.opener)
def post(self, url, form, headers=None):returnpost(url, form, headers, self.opener)
defget(url, headers=None, opener=None):return urlrequests(url, headers=headers, opener=opener)
def post(url, form, headers=None, opener=None):return urlrequests(url, form, headers=headers, opener=opener)
#b. post(url, form, headers=None)
#1. 传入url
#2. user_agent
#3. headers
#4. 定义Request
#5. urlopen
#6. 返回byte数组
def urlrequests(url, form=None, headers=None, opener=None):
user_agent= 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'# 如果用户需要自行传入headers, 则覆盖之前的headersif headers ==None:
headers={'User-Agent': user_agent
}
html_bytes= b''
try:ifform:
# POST
#2.1转换成str
form_str=parse.urlencode(form)
#print(form_str)
#2.2转换成bytes
form_bytes= form_str.encode('utf-8')
req= request.Request(url, data=form_bytes, headers=headers)else:
req= request.Request(url, headers=headers)ifopener:
response=opener.open(req)else:
response=request.urlopen(req)
html_bytes=response.read()
except HTTPErrorase:
print(e)
except URLErrorase:
print(e)returnhtml_bytesif __name__ == '__main__':
#测试--带cookies的请求
url= 'http://www.renren.com/ajaxLogin/login?1=1&uniqueTimestamp=201872221746'form={'email': '18573151260','icode': '','origURL': 'http: // www.renren.com / home','domain': 'renren.com','key_id': '1','captcha_type': 'web_login','password': '60a075bc14562c91baf36094ffe93d8fa9c1809a8501a43a7da131e1f119ae91','rkey': 'f9cd77eb1280ab74763c1f1552dc11c7','f': 'http%3A%2F%2Fwww.renren.com%2F967453528'}
#实例化对象
s=session()
#post请求
res=s.post(url,form)
#获取的数据转为字典
res_dict=json.loads(res)
#获取url,此时cookie以通过s对象传入cookies_obj中
home_url= res_dict['homeUrl']
#打开url,此时将cookie_obj中的cookie
response=s.opener.open(home_url
#打印获取的数据
print(response.read().decode('utf-8'))
# url= 'http://www.baidu.com/'# html_byte= get(url)
# print(html_byte.decode('utf-8'))