rand
均匀分布的随机数或矩阵
语法
Y = rand(n)
Y = rand(m,n)
Y = rand([m n])
Y = rand(m,n,p,...)
Y = rand([m n p...])
Y = rand(size(A))
rand
s = rand('state')
描述
rand函数产生由在(0, 1)之间均匀分布的随机数组成的数组。
Y = rand(n) 返回一个n x n的随机矩阵。如果n不是数量,则返回错误信息。
Y = rand(m,n) 或 Y = rand([m n]) 返回一个m x n的随机矩阵。
Y = rand(m,n,p,...) 或 Y = rand([m n p...]) 产生随机数组。
Y = rand(size(A)) 返回一个和A有相同尺寸的随机矩阵。
【jink2005选译】----------------------------------------------------------
rand
Uniformly distributed random numbers and arrays
Syntax
Y = rand(n)
Y = rand(m,n)
Y = rand([m n])
Y = rand(m,n,p,...)
Y = rand([m n p...])
Y = rand(size(A))
rand
s = rand('state')
Description
The rand function generates arrays of random numbers whose elements are uniformly distributed in the interval (0,1).
Y = rand(n) returns an n-by-n matrix of random entries. An error message appears if n is not a scalar.
Y = rand(m,n) or Y = rand([m n]) returns an m-by-n matrix of random entries.
Y = rand(m,n,p,...) or Y = rand([m n p...]) generates random arrays.
Y = rand(size(A)) returns an array of random entries that is the same size as A.
rand, by itself, returns a scalar whose value changes each time it's referenced.
s = rand('state') returns a 35-element vector containing the current state of the uniform generator. To change the state of the generator: rand('state',s)Resets the state to s. rand('state',0)Resets the generator to its initial state. rand('state',j)For integer j, resets the generator to its j-th state. rand('state',sum(100*clock))Resets it to a different state each time.
Examples
Example 1.
R = rand(3,4) may produce R =
0.2190 0.6793 0.5194 0.0535
0.0470 0.9347 0.8310 0.5297
0.6789 0.3835 0.0346 0.6711
This code makes a random choice between two equally probable alternatives. if rand < .5
'heads'
else
'tails'
end
Example 2. Generate a uniform distribution of random numbers on a specified interval [a,b].
To do this, multiply the output of rand by (b-a) then add a. For example, to generate a 5-by-5 array of uniformly distributed random numbers on the interval [10,50] a = 10; b = 50;
x = a + (b-a) * rand(5)
x =
18.1106 10.6110 26.7460 43.5247 30.1125
17.9489 39.8714 43.8489 10.7856 38.3789
34.1517 27.8039 31.0061 37.2511 27.1557
20.8875 47.2726 18.1059 25.1792 22.1847
17.9526 28.6398 36.8855 43.2718 17.5861
See Also randn, randperm, sprand, sprandn