pythonhttp接口自动化测试_Python 基于http接口自动化测试

Excel模板如下：

看Excel的定义命名，基本理解，每个参数的含义

介绍：

B1：要测试的接口地址

B2：该测试接口的请求参数，以“#”分隔【便于分割】

B3：登录的URL，若测试不需要登录

B4：登录的json串，以字典的形式展现

注：CaseNo、Except——result、Commit，是必填的

从Excel读取及处理数据，代码如下：

import xlrd

import os

# ****************************************************************

# Excel模版设置

# self.interFace = 0 #Excel中测试用例接口对应为第1列

# self.interFaceArgList = 1 #Excel中测试用例接口参数列表对应为第2列

# self.loginChoice = 2 #Excel中测试用例接口是否需要登录为第3列

# self.loginJson = 3 　#Excel中测试用例接口是否需要登录为第4列

# self.titleIndex = 4 #Excel中测试用例标题行索引为第5列

# self.caseBegin = 5 #Excel中测试用例开始行索引为第6列

# ****************************************************************

class ExcelSheet:

def __init__(self, sFile, interFace=0, interFaceArgList=1, loginInterFace=2, loginJson = 3, titleIndex=4, caseBegin=5):

try:

excel = xlrd.open_workbook(sFile)

except Exception as e:

print e

exit()

self.sheet = excel.sheet_by_index(0) # 查询Excel的第一个sheet

self.interFace = interFace

self.interFaceArgList = interFaceArgList

self.loginInterFace = loginInterFace

self.titleIndex = titleIndex

self.caseBegin = caseBegin

self.loginJson = loginJson

def sheet_name(self):

return self.sheets.name

def nrows(self):

return self.sheet.nrows

def ncols(self):

return self.sheet.ncols

def cellxy(self, rowx, colx):

# type: (object, object) -> object

cell_value = self.sheet.cell(rowx, colx).value

# 对数字的处理

if self.sheet.cell(rowx, colx).ctype in (2, 3) and int(cell_value) == cell_value:

cell_value = int(cell_value)

return cell_value

# interFace 测试接口URL

def get_interFace(self):

return self.cellxy(self.interFace, 1)

# interFace接口的参数List

def get_interFaceArgList(self):

return self.cellxy(self.interFaceArgList, 1).split("#")

# 测试用例的参数项

def get_titleIndex(self):

return self.sheet.row_values(self.titleIndex)

# 登录的接口地址

def get_loginInterFace(self):

return self.cellxy(self.loginInterFace, 1)

# 获取登录接口参数的json

def get_loginJson(self):

return str(self.cellxy(self.loginJson, 1))

# 返回单行用例的数据字典

def get_by_line(self, line):

tempdict = dict()

data = dict()

if line < self.caseBegin:

return False

else:

for col in range(self.ncols()):

if self.cellxy(self.titleIndex, col) in self.get_interFaceArgList():

if self.cellxy(line, col) != 'X':

data[self.cellxy(self.titleIndex, col)] = self.cellxy(line, col)

else:

tempdict[self.cellxy(self.titleIndex, col)] = self.cellxy(line, col)

tempdict["data"] = data

return tempdict

requests的post和get请求代码：

import requests

def postRequest(url, data, cookie):

header={"Content-Type":"application/json"}

if cookie:

return requests.post(url, data=data, cookies=cookie, headers = header)

else:

return requests.post(url, data=data, headers = header)

def postRequest(url, cookie):

header={"Content-Type":"application/json"}

if cookie:

return requests.get(url, cookies=cookie, headers = header)

else:

return requests.get(url, headers = header)

检查返回为页面还是json串：

def checkReturnResult(req_result):

try:

realResult = eval(req_result)

except:

return False

else:

return req_result

测试结果存储MongoDB：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import pymongo

class ConMongoDb:

#读取配置文件

def __init__(self):

MongoIP="192.168.X.XXX"

MongoPort=27017

#链接MongoDb

self.conn = pymongo.Connection(MongoIP, MongoPort)

#选择数据库

self.db = self.conn.test

self.collection = self.db.SocketTest

'''

# **************************************************

# InsertMongo：往MongoDb插入数据

# **************************************************

'''

def InsertMongo(self, Lst):

self.collection.insert(Lst)

def close(self):

return self.conn.disconnect()

测试用例执行代码：

import time

ExcelSheet = ExcelSheet("104137PC.xlsx")

interFace = ExcelSheet.get_interFace()

interFaceArgList = ExcelSheet.get_interFaceArgList()

titleIndex = ExcelSheet.get_titleIndex()

loginInterFace = ExcelSheet.get_loginInterFace()

# 判断是否需要登录

if loginInterFace:

if "username" not in titleIndex or "password" not in titleIndex:

print "Test Case File not include username or password"

exit()

else:

# 获取登录接口参数的json

loginJson = ExcelSheet.get_loginJson()

caseList = list()

for line in range(5, ExcelSheet.nrows()):

lineContent = ExcelSheet.get_by_line(line)

# 获取登录后的cookie

if loginInterFace:

# 需要登录，用户名密码，替换

loginJson = loginJson.replace("#username#", lineContent["username"])

loginJson = loginJson.replace("#password#", str(lineContent["password"]))

result = postRequest(loginInterFace, eval(loginJson), False)

print result.text

cookie = result.cookies

else:

cookie = False

# reqtype 不填默认post

if lineContent.has_key("reqtype"):

if lineContent["reqtype"].upper() == "POST":

interFaceResult = postRequest(interFace, lineContent["data"], cookie)

else:

interFaceResult = postRequest(interFace, cookie)

else:

interFaceResult = postRequest(interFace, lineContent["data"], cookie)

req_result = interFaceResult.text

# 非页面，可直接比较，也可以转换成字典进行某个value进行比较

if checkReturnResult(req_result):

if checkReturnResult(req_result) == lineContent["Except_result"]:

TestResult = "PASS"

else:

TestResult = "FAIL"

#如果返回是页面的话,就查找特殊标志词

else:

if ineContent["Except_result"] in req_result:

TestResult = "PASS"

else:

TestResult = "FAIL"

lineContent["result"] = TestResult

caseList.append(lineContent)

TestDate = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time()))

content = {"interFace": interFace, "caseList": caseList, "testdate": TestDate}

MyngoCls = ConMongoDb()

MyngoCls.InsertMongo(content)

MyngoCls.close()