python怎么安装开发版_python的Tqdm模块的使用

Tqdm 是一个快速，可扩展的Python进度条，可以在 Python 长循环中添加一个进度提示信息，用户只需要封装任意的迭代器 tqdm(iterator)。

我的系统是window环境，首先安装python，接下来就是pip。

pip安装：

在python根目录下创建一个get-pip.py的文件，内容：

然后在CMD窗口进入python下面：

输出：

python -m pip install -U pip

由于Tqdm要求的pip版本是9.0所以需要手动安装pip9.0

http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip

下载安装包9.0

然后解压进入，CMD窗口输入：python setup.py install

然后就可以安装Tqdm了，

pip install tqdm

安装最新的开发版的话

pip install -e git+https://github.com/tqdm/tqdm.git@master#egg=tqdm

基本用法：

from tqdm import tqdm

for i in tqdm(range(10000)):

sleep(0.01)

当然除了tqdm，还有trange,使用方式完全相同

for i in trange(100):

sleep(0.1)

只要传入list都可以：

pbar = tqdm(["a", "b", "c", "d"])

for char in pbar:

pbar.set_description("Processing %s" % char)

也可以手动控制更新

with tqdm(total=100) as pbar:

for i in range(10):

pbar.update(10)

也可以这样：

pbar = tqdm(total=100)

for i in range(10):

pbar.update(10)

pbar.close()

在Shell的tqdm用法

统计所有python脚本的行数：

$ time find . -name '*.py' -exec cat \{} \; | wc -l

857365

real 0m3.458s

user 0m0.274s

sys 0m3.325s

$ time find . -name '*.py' -exec cat \{} \; | tqdm | wc -l

857366it [00:03, 246471.31it/s]

857365

real 0m3.585s

user 0m0.862s

sys 0m3.358s

使用参数：

$ find . -name '*.py' -exec cat \{} \; |

tqdm --unit loc --unit_scale --total 857366 >> /dev/null

100%|███████████████████████████████████| 857K/857K [00:04<00:00, 246Kloc/s]

备份一个目录：

$ 7z a -bd -r backup.7z docs/ | grep Compressing |

tqdm --total $(find docs/ -type f | wc -l) --unit files >> backup.log

100%|███████████████████████████████▉| 8014/8014 [01:37<00:00, 82.29files/s]

通过看示范的代码，我们能发现使用的核心是tqdm和trange这两个函数，从代码层面分析tqdm的功能，那首先是init.py

__all__ = ['tqdm', 'tqdm_gui', 'trange', 'tgrange', 'tqdm_pandas',

'tqdm_notebook', 'tnrange', 'main', 'TqdmKeyError', 'TqdmTypeError',

'__version__']

跟踪到_tqdm.py，能看到tqdm类的声明，首先是初始化

def __init__(self, iterable=None, desc=None, total=None, leave=True,

file=sys.stderr, ncols=None, mininterval=0.1,

maxinterval=10.0, miniters=None, ascii=None, disable=False,

unit='it', unit_scale=False, dynamic_ncols=False,

smoothing=0.3, bar_format=None, initial=0, position=None,

gui=False, **kwargs):

Parameters

iterable : iterable, optional

Iterable to decorate with a progressbar.

可迭代的进度条。

Leave blank to manually manage the updates.

留空手动管理更新？？

desc : str, optional

Prefix for the progressbar.

进度条的描述

total : int, optional

The number of expected iterations. If unspecified,

len(iterable) is used if possible. As a last resort, only basic

progress statistics are displayed (no ETA, no progressbar).

If gui is True and this parameter needs subsequent updating,

specify an initial arbitrary large positive integer,

e.g. int(9e9).

预期的迭代数目，默认为None，则尽可能的迭代下去，如果gui设置为True，这里则需要后续的更新，将需要指定为一个初始随意值较大的正整数，例如int(9e9)

leave : bool, optional

If [default: True], keeps all traces of the progressbar

upon termination of iteration.

保留进度条存在的痕迹，简单来说就是会把进度条的最终形态保留下来，默认为True

file : io.TextIOWrapper or io.StringIO, optional

Specifies where to output the progress messages

[default: sys.stderr]. Uses file.write(str) and file.flush()

methods.

指定消息的输出

ncols : int, optional

The width of the entire output message. If specified,

dynamically resizes the progressbar to stay within this bound.

If unspecified, attempts to use environment width. The

fallback is a meter width of 10 and no limit for the counter and

statistics. If 0, will not print any meter (only stats).

整个输出消息的宽度。如果指定，动态调整的进度停留在这个边界。如果未指定，尝试使用环境的宽度。如果为0，将不打印任何东西（只统计）。

mininterval : float, optional

Minimum progress update interval, in seconds [default: 0.1].

最小进度更新间隔，以秒为单位（默认值：0.1）。

maxinterval : float, optional

Maximum progress update interval, in seconds [default: 10.0].

最大进度更新间隔，以秒为单位（默认值：10）。

miniters : int, optional

Minimum progress update interval, in iterations.

If specified, will set mininterval to 0.

最小进度更新周期

ascii : bool, optional

If unspecified or False, use unicode (smooth blocks) to fill

the meter. The fallback is to use ASCII characters 1-9 #.

如果不设置，默认为unicode编码

disable : bool, optional

Whether to disable the entire progressbar wrapper

[default: False].

是否禁用整个进度条包装(如果为True，进度条不显示)

unit : str, optional

String that will be used to define the unit of each iteration

[default: it].

将被用来定义每个单元的字符串？？？

unit_scale : bool, optional

If set, the number of iterations will be reduced/scaled

automatically and a metric prefix following the

International System of Units standard will be added

(kilo, mega, etc.) [default: False].

如果设置，迭代的次数会自动按照十、百、千来添加前缀，默认为false

dynamic_ncols : bool, optional

If set, constantly alters ncols to the environment (allowing

for window resizes) [default: False].

不断改变ncols环境，允许调整窗口大小

smoothing : float, optional

Exponential moving average smoothing factor for speed estimates

(ignored in GUI mode). Ranges from 0 (average speed) to 1

(current/instantaneous speed) [default: 0.3].

bar_format : str, optional

Specify a custom bar string formatting. May impact performance.

If unspecified, will use ‘{l_bar}{bar}{r_bar}', where l_bar is

‘{desc}{percentage:3.0f}%|' and r_bar is

‘| {n_fmt}/{total_fmt} [{elapsed_str}<{remaining_str}, {rate_fmt}]'

Possible vars: bar, n, n_fmt, total, total_fmt, percentage,

rate, rate_fmt, elapsed, remaining, l_bar, r_bar, desc.

自定义栏字符串格式化…默认会使用{l_bar}{bar}{r_bar}的格式，格式同上

initial : int, optional

The initial counter value. Useful when restarting a progress

bar [default: 0].

初始计数器值，默认为0

position : int, optional

Specify the line offset to print this bar (starting from 0)

Automatic if unspecified.

Useful to manage multiple bars at once (eg, from threads).

指定偏移，这个功能在多个条中有用

gui : bool, optional

WARNING: internal parameter - do not use.

Use tqdm_gui(…) instead. If set, will attempt to use

matplotlib animations for a graphical output [default: False].

内部参数…

Returns

out : decorated iterator.

返回为一个迭代器

其实不用分析更多代码，多看看几个例子：(官网的例子)

7zx.py压缩进度条

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""Usage:

7zx.py [--help | options] ...

Options:

-h, --help Print this help and exit

-v, --version Print version and exit

-c, --compressed Use compressed (instead of uncompressed) file sizes

-s, --silent Do not print one row per zip file

-y, --yes Assume yes to all queries (for extraction)

-D=, --debug=

Print various types of debugging information. Choices:

CRITICAL|FATAL

ERROR

WARN(ING)

[default: INFO]

DEBUG

NOTSET

-d, --debug-trace Print lots of debugging information (-D NOTSET)

"""

from __future__ import print_function

from docopt import docopt

import logging as log

import subprocess

import re

from tqdm import tqdm

import pty

import os

import io

__author__ = "Casper da Costa-Luis "

__licence__ = "MPLv2.0"

__version__ = "0.2.0"

__license__ = __licence__

RE_SCN = re.compile("([0-9]+)\s+([0-9]+)\s+(.*)$", flags=re.M)

def main():

args = docopt(__doc__, version=__version__)

if args.pop('--debug-trace', False):

args['--debug'] = "NOTSET"

log.basicConfig(level=getattr(log, args['--debug'], log.INFO),

format='%(levelname)s: %(message)s')

log.debug(args)

# Get compressed sizes

zips = {}

for fn in args['']:

info = subprocess.check_output(["7z", "l", fn]).strip()

finfo = RE_SCN.findall(info)

# builtin test: last line should be total sizes

log.debug(finfo)

totals = map(int, finfo[-1][:2])

# log.debug(totals)

for s in range(2):

assert(sum(map(int, (inf[s] for inf in finfo[:-1]))) == totals[s])

fcomp = dict((n, int(c if args['--compressed'] else u))

for (u, c, n) in finfo[:-1])

# log.debug(fcomp)

# zips : {'zipname' : {'filename' : int(size)}}

zips[fn] = fcomp

# Extract

cmd7zx = ["7z", "x", "-bd"]

if args['--yes']:

cmd7zx += ["-y"]

log.info("Extracting from {:d} file(s)".format(len(zips)))

with tqdm(total=sum(sum(fcomp.values()) for fcomp in zips.values()),

unit="B", unit_scale=True) as tall:

for fn, fcomp in zips.items():

md, sd = pty.openpty()

ex = subprocess.Popen(cmd7zx + [fn],

bufsize=1,

stdout=md, # subprocess.PIPE,

stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)

os.close(sd)

with io.open(md, mode="rU", buffering=1) as m:

with tqdm(total=sum(fcomp.values()), disable=len(zips) < 2,

leave=False, unit="B", unit_scale=True) as t:

while True:

try:

l_raw = m.readline()

except IOError:

break

l = l_raw.strip()

if l.startswith("Extracting"):

exname = l.lstrip("Extracting").lstrip()

s = fcomp.get(exname, 0) # 0 is likely folders

t.update(s)

tall.update(s)

elif l:

if not any(l.startswith(i) for i in

("7-Zip ",

"p7zip Version ",

"Everything is Ok",

"Folders: ",

"Files: ",

"Size: ",

"Compressed: ")):

if l.startswith("Processing archive: "):

if not args['--silent']:

t.write(t.format_interval(

t.start_t - tall.start_t) + ' ' +

l.lstrip("Processing archive: "))

else:

t.write(l)

ex.wait()

main.__doc__ = __doc__

if __name__ == "__main__":

main()

tqdm_wget.py

"""An example of wrapping manual tqdm updates for urllib reporthook.

# urllib.urlretrieve documentation

> If present, the hook function will be called once

> on establishment of the network connection and once after each block read

> thereafter. The hook will be passed three arguments; a count of blocks

> transferred so far, a block size in bytes, and the total size of the file.

Usage:

tqdm_wget.py [options]

Options:

-h, --help

Print this help message and exit

-u URL, --url URL : string, optional

The url to fetch.

[default: http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~cod11/matryoshka.zip]

-o FILE, --output FILE : string, optional

The local file path in which to save the url [default: /dev/null].

"""

import urllib

from tqdm import tqdm

from docopt import docopt

def my_hook(t):

"""

Wraps tqdm instance. Don't forget to close() or __exit__()

the tqdm instance once you're done with it (easiest using `with` syntax).

Example

-------

>>> with tqdm(...) as t:

... reporthook = my_hook(t)

... urllib.urlretrieve(..., reporthook=reporthook)

"""

last_b = [0]

def inner(b=1, bsize=1, tsize=None):

"""

b : int, optional

Number of blocks just transferred [default: 1].

bsize : int, optional

Size of each block (in tqdm units) [default: 1].

tsize : int, optional

Total size (in tqdm units). If [default: None] remains unchanged.

"""

if tsize is not None:

t.total = tsize

t.update((b - last_b[0]) * bsize)

last_b[0] = b

return inner

opts = docopt(__doc__)

eg_link = opts['--url']

eg_file = eg_link.replace('/', ' ').split()[-1]

with tqdm(unit='B', unit_scale=True, leave=True, miniters=1,

desc=eg_file) as t: # all optional kwargs

urllib.urlretrieve(eg_link, filename=opts['--output'],

reporthook=my_hook(t), data=None)

examples.py

"""

# Simple tqdm examples and profiling

# Benchmark

for i in _range(int(1e8)):

pass

# Basic demo

import tqdm

for i in tqdm.trange(int(1e8)):

pass

# Some decorations

import tqdm

for i in tqdm.trange(int(1e8), miniters=int(1e6), ascii=True,

desc="cool", dynamic_ncols=True):

pass

# Nested bars

from tqdm import trange

for i in trange(10):

for j in trange(int(1e7), leave=False, unit_scale=True):

pass

# Experimental GUI demo

import tqdm

for i in tqdm.tgrange(int(1e8)):

pass

# Comparison to https://code.google.com/p/python-progressbar/

try:

from progressbar.progressbar import ProgressBar

except ImportError:

pass

else:

for i in ProgressBar()(_range(int(1e8))):

pass

# Dynamic miniters benchmark

from tqdm import trange

for i in trange(int(1e8), miniters=None, mininterval=0.1, smoothing=0):

pass

# Fixed miniters benchmark

from tqdm import trange

for i in trange(int(1e8), miniters=4500000, mininterval=0.1, smoothing=0):

pass

"""

from time import sleep

from timeit import timeit

import re

# Simple demo

from tqdm import trange

for i in trange(16, leave=True):

sleep(0.1)

# Profiling/overhead tests

stmts = filter(None, re.split(r'\n\s*#.*?\n', __doc__))

for s in stmts:

print(s.replace('import tqdm\n', ''))

print(timeit(stmt='try:\n\t_range = xrange'

'\nexcept:\n\t_range = range\n' + s, number=1),

'seconds')

pandas_progress_apply.py

import pandas as pd

import numpy as np

from tqdm import tqdm

df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(0, 100, (100000, 6)))

# Register `pandas.progress_apply` and `pandas.Series.map_apply` with `tqdm`

# (can use `tqdm_gui`, `tqdm_notebook`, optional kwargs, etc.)

tqdm.pandas(desc="my bar!")

# Now you can use `progress_apply` instead of `apply`

# and `progress_map` instead of `map`

df.progress_apply(lambda x: x**2)

# can also groupby:

# df.groupby(0).progress_apply(lambda x: x**2)

# -- Source code for `tqdm_pandas` (really simple!)

# def tqdm_pandas(t):

# from pandas.core.frame import DataFrame

# def inner(df, func, *args, **kwargs):

# t.total = groups.size // len(groups)

# def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):

# t.update(1)

# return func(*args, **kwargs)

# result = df.apply(wrapper, *args, **kwargs)

# t.close()

# return result

# DataFrame.progress_apply = inner

引用tqdm并非强制作为依赖：

include_no_requirements.py

# How to import tqdm without enforcing it as a dependency

try:

from tqdm import tqdm

except ImportError:

def tqdm(*args, **kwargs):

if args:

return args[0]

return kwargs.get('iterable', None)

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。