Docker基本概念

Docker基本概念

Docker镜像

什么是镜像

在Docker中容器是基于镜像启动的

镜像是启动容器的核心

镜像采用分层设计

使用快照的COW技术，确保底层数据不丢失

前端盘是容器后端盘是镜像（多个镜像）

查看版本

[root@docker01 ~]# docker version

Client:

Version: 1.12.1

API version: 1.24

Go version: go1.6.3

Git commit: 23cf638

Built:

OS/Arch: linux/amd64

 

Server:

Version: 1.12.1

API version: 1.24

Go version: go1.6.3

Git commit: 23cf638

Built:

OS/Arch: linux/amd64

查看镜像

[root@docker01 ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED

搜索镜像

[root@docker01 ~]# docker search busybox

下载镜像

[root@docker01 ~]# docker pull busybox

Using default tag: latest

latest: Pulling from library/busybox

75a0e65efd51: Extracting 32.77 kB/733.2 kB

[ 2905.178019] XFS (dm-1): Mounting V5 Filesystem

75a0e65efd51: Extracting 733.2 kB/733.2 kB

75a0e65efd51: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:d21b79794850b4b15d8d332b451d95351d14c951542942a816eea69c9e04b240

Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest

下载、上传镜像

docker查看命令帮助的方法

[root@docker01 ~]# docker help pull

 

Usage: docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]

 

Pull an image or a repository from a registry

 

Options:

-a, --all-tags Download all tagged images in the repository

--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)

--help Print usage

导入、导出镜像

[root@docker01 ~]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

busybox latest 22c2dd5ee85d 7 days ago 1.163 MB

 

[root@docker01 ~]# docker save busybox:latest > busybox.tar

[ 4713.500105] XFS (dm-1): Mounting V5 Filesystem

[ 4713.596887] XFS (dm-1): Ending clean mount

[ 4713.764337] XFS (dm-1): Unmounting Filesystem

[root@docker01 ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg busybox.tar ifcfg-eth0 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

docker load < busybox.tar

 

[root@docker01 ~]# lftp 192.168.6.254

lftp 192.168.6.254:~> cd public

cd ok, cwd=/public

lftp 192.168.6.254:/public> ls

-rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 19917380 Jul 24 02:12 docker-engine-1.12.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 28860 Jul 24 02:12 docker-engine-selinux-1.12.1-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 258246973 Jul 24 02:12 docker_images.zip

drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 4096 Jul 24 02:13 repodata

lftp 192.168.6.254:/public> get docker_images.zip

258246973 bytes transferred

lftp 192.168.6.254:/public> ls

-rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 19917380 Jul 24 02:12 docker-engine-1.12.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 28860 Jul 24 02:12 docker-engine-selinux-1.12.1-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

-rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 258246973 Jul 24 02:12 docker_images.zip

drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 4096 Jul 24 02:13 repodata

lftp 192.168.6.254:/public> bye

[root@docker01 ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg docker_images.zip RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

busybox.tar ifcfg-eth0

[root@docker01 ~]# unzip docker_images.zip

-bash: unzip: command not found

[root@docker01 ~]# yum -y install unzip

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package unzip.x86_64 0:6.0-16.el7 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

 

Dependencies Resolved

 

================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================

Installing:

unzip x86_64 6.0-16.el7 local_source 169 k

 

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install 1 Package

 

Total download size: 169 k

Installed size: 365 k

Downloading packages:

unzip-6.0-16.el7.x86_64.rpm | 169 kB 00:00

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Installing : unzip-6.0-16.el7.x86_64 1/1

Verifying : unzip-6.0-16.el7.x86_64 1/1

 

Installed:

unzip.x86_64 0:6.0-16.el7

 

Complete!

[root@docker01 ~]# unzip docker_images.zip

Archive: docker_images.zip

creating: docker_images/

inflating: docker_images/nginx.tar

inflating: docker_images/redis.tar

inflating: docker_images/centos.tar

inflating: docker_images/registry.tar

inflating: docker_images/ubuntu.tar

[root@docker01 ~]# cd docker_images

[root@docker01 docker_images]# ls

centos.tar nginx.tar redis.tar registry.tar ubuntu.tar

[root@docker01 docker_images]# du -sh *

198M centos.tar

181M nginx.tar

181M redis.tar

35M registry.tar

79M ubuntu.tar

 

[root@docker01 docker_images]# ls

centos.tar nginx.tar redis.tar registry.tar ubuntu.tar

 

[root@docker01 docker_images]# for i in *;do

> docker load < ${i}

> done

[ 5220.792174] XFS (dm-1): Mounting V5 Filesystem

[ 5220.859319] XFS (dm-1): Ending clean mount

43e653f84b79: Loading layer 207.2 MB/207.2 MB

 

[root@docker01 docker_images]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

busybox latest 22c2dd5ee85d 7 days ago 1.163 MB

ubuntu latest 452a96d81c30 12 weeks ago 79.62 MB

centos latest e934aafc2206 3 months ago 198.6 MB

registry latest d1fd7d86a825 6 months ago 33.26 MB

nginx latest a5311a310510 21 months ago 181.4 MB

redis latest 1aa84b1b434e 22 months ago 182.8 MB