加密算法—RSA

1、工具依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
            <version>1.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
        </dependency>

2、工具类

```java
package com.test.utils;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
 * @Auther: 张瑛
 * @Date: 2022/6/13 0013 22:19
 * @ClassName: RSAUtils
 * @Version: 1.0
 * @Description:
 */

public class RSAUtils {

    public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
    public static final String RSA_ALGORITHM = "RSA";


    public static Map<String, String> createKeys(int keySize){
        //为RSA算法创建一个KeyPairGenerator对象
        KeyPairGenerator kpg;
        try{
            kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        }catch(NoSuchAlgorithmException e){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("No such algorithm-->[" + RSA_ALGORITHM + "]");
        }

        //初始化KeyPairGenerator对象,密钥长度
        kpg.initialize(keySize);
        //生成密匙对
        KeyPair keyPair = kpg.generateKeyPair();
        //得到公钥
        Key publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
        String publicKeyStr = Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(publicKey.getEncoded());
        //得到私钥
        Key privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
        String privateKeyStr = Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(privateKey.getEncoded());
        Map<String, String> keyPairMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
        keyPairMap.put("publicKey", publicKeyStr);
        keyPairMap.put("privateKey", privateKeyStr);

        return keyPairMap;
    }

    /**
     * 得到公钥
     * @param publicKey 密钥字符串（经过base64编码）
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static RSAPublicKey getPublicKey(String publicKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException {
        //通过X509编码的Key指令获得公钥对象
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey));
        RSAPublicKey key = (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
        return key;
    }

    /**
     * 得到私钥
     * @param privateKey 密钥字符串（经过base64编码）
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static RSAPrivateKey getPrivateKey(String privateKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException {
        //通过PKCS#8编码的Key指令获得私钥对象
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey));
        RSAPrivateKey key = (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        return key;
    }

    /**
     * 公钥加密
     * @param data
     * @param publicKey
     * @return
     */
    public static String publicEncrypt(String data, RSAPublicKey publicKey){
        try{
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
            return Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(rsaSplitCodec(cipher, Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE,
                    data.getBytes(CHARSET), publicKey.getModulus().bitLength()));
        }catch(Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException("加密字符串[" + data + "]时遇到异常", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 私钥解密
     * @param data
     * @param privateKey
     * @return
     */

    public static String privateDecrypt(String data, RSAPrivateKey privateKey){
        try{
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
            return new String(rsaSplitCodec(cipher, Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, Base64.decodeBase64(data),
                    privateKey.getModulus().bitLength()), CHARSET);
        }catch(Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException("解密字符串[" + data + "]时遇到异常", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 私钥加密
     * @param data
     * @param privateKey
     * @return
     */

    public static String privateEncrypt(String data, RSAPrivateKey privateKey){
        try{
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
            return Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(rsaSplitCodec(cipher, Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, data.getBytes(CHARSET), privateKey.getModulus().bitLength()));
        }catch(Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException("加密字符串[" + data + "]时遇到异常", e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 公钥解密
     * @param data
     * @param publicKey
     * @return
     */

    public static String publicDecrypt(String data, RSAPublicKey publicKey){
        try{
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
            return new String(rsaSplitCodec(cipher, Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, Base64.decodeBase64(data), publicKey.getModulus().bitLength()), CHARSET);
        }catch(Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException("解密字符串[" + data + "]时遇到异常", e);
        }
    }

    private static byte[] rsaSplitCodec(Cipher cipher, int opmode, byte[] datas, int keySize){
        int maxBlock = 0;
        if(opmode == Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE){
            maxBlock = keySize / 8;
        }else{
            maxBlock = keySize / 8 - 11;
        }
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] buff;
        int i = 0;
        try{
            while(datas.length > offSet){
                if(datas.length-offSet > maxBlock){
                    buff = cipher.doFinal(datas, offSet, maxBlock);
                }else{
                    buff = cipher.doFinal(datas, offSet, datas.length-offSet);
                }
                out.write(buff, 0, buff.length);
                i++;
                offSet = i * maxBlock;
            }
        }catch(Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException("加解密阀值为["+maxBlock+"]的数据时发生异常", e);
        }
        byte[] resultDatas = out.toByteArray();
        IOUtils.closeQuietly(out);
        return resultDatas;
    }
}

3、 测试方法

    public static void main (String[] args) throws Exception {
        Map<String, String> keyMap = RSAUtils.createKeys(1024);
        String  publicKey = keyMap.get("publicKey");
        String  privateKey = keyMap.get("privateKey");
        System.out.println("公钥: " + publicKey);
        System.out.println("私钥： " + privateKey);

        System.out.println("公钥加密——私钥解密");
        String str = "人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇。等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。";
        System.out.println("明文：" + str);
        System.out.println("明文大小：" + str.getBytes().length);
        String encodedData = RSAUtils.publicEncrypt(str, RSAUtils.getPublicKey(publicKey));
        System.out.println("密文：" + encodedData);
        String decodedData = RSAUtils.privateDecrypt(encodedData, RSAUtils.getPrivateKey(privateKey));
        System.out.println("解密后文字: " + decodedData);
    }

4、结果

公钥: MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCOTvPQY_CDkXCmHhDSytq4dwVVY5Cza5CJxC6MePFK7h1Q3ofZdBZ5hFmnKSp05L_i1emYMqbU7CiYOsiweDU4sTwCBn3wAXAIcXZlZpJ_pBzvJGNXmgRUNSXZGW-hC81UTWqvXlwES3LMpAEA8rcYK3A25XqiEXDbVy3WGmYxVQIDAQAB
私钥： MIICdgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmAwggJcAgEAAoGBAI5O89Bj8IORcKYeENLK2rh3BVVjkLNrkInELox48UruHVDeh9l0FnmEWacpKnTkv-LV6ZgyptTsKJg6yLB4NTixPAIGffABcAhxdmVmkn-kHO8kY1eaBFQ1JdkZb6ELzVRNaq9eXARLcsykAQDytxgrcDbleqIRcNtXLdYaZjFVAgMBAAECgYB71GG-DKilo7HVKsZS1idaal7evYOVTFz6NBaZL0gvfmFOFEU7yBMibDMjDOQf0UjTlnXsdO7Myi5MwKIPRJpxwVvH6yTaDOL3AMTwxc8vBoiyoC5gs-JcYU_8jz30B3v0G_UvRNgLDW4qAQNsUJWdNuVGFpmtv4fyYxaPcQ8l4QJBAPlCLCGaD-XqTEIpMrXaj4m-5vZ-7FU8UeXkXs4oSMpqW7INLrRXSTkHoyrui0ed1m8Iy9E05kuWPrWs0CRRTx0CQQCSKEYnRYINkx9BhegJpLB68CfuZNbacpkiyiGLIkSePUBDKFZPMGfa9972R7wdpJTZcRjLZbnKz7CybsE3hD2ZAkBoDh7cPDOM2L3TFN3Nmxs29tH2b0_72T2bSjXlvF1-2t3Cu8wWjyXLQAv23TSZxiOBoNttT7cgMO2m7CjMMIFlAkEAjdSxRzjHXL7xLNdx9bGwZIyaY1fNu0xL2JvH80l8xwXvT3xcTRpPHgk9f0bbgPSOUXfTtMVxhyMGeBDMRUB5uQJAWlMzJWituOrxUHWsX_5FFRTKDw4ASAbA2bZ9MicZAvygSJJDjU2CTN3Z7Ob5uLS9_8lUs40XMjsFfgEcOWtFEQ
公钥加密——私钥解密
明文：人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇。等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。
明文大小：96
密文：AYXhGaecKQQVOCKGfXa28aBkv3CPJKD0gU-r--BlxgZJahC7JcixUqpG15-ftvzqyf4KbuuIvXnX-bMlj8rZp7-GraDZLRFLGELVSXg3xqn9I-e0SOeXrFQuMG_cyAXKLpcDwxlEQJq2zVXtRNdxbQ7GE3-FvYXN8I4WzfPY1Bs
解密后文字: 人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇。等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。