linux 内核barrier() 使用举例

barrier() 编译屏障是为了防止编译器对代码优化时，改变代码的先后顺序；

内存屏障（ rmb() / wmb() ）是让CPU对代码顺序执行。

下面举例barrier()在linux内核中的使用

1. 确保先获取omap->buf_len 的值，然后在omap_i2c_write_reg 中使用omap->buf_len，顺序不能变
    omap->buf_len = msg->len;
	/* make sure writes to omap->buf_len are ordered */
	barrier();
	omap_i2c_write_reg(omap, OMAP_I2C_CNT_REG, omap->buf_len);

2. 确保先更新dbell的值，然后在writel中使用dbell的值，顺序不能变
void qedf_ring_doorbell(struct qedf_rport *fcport)
{
	struct fcoe_db_data dbell = { 0 };

	dbell.agg_flags = 0;

	dbell.params |= DB_DEST_XCM << FCOE_DB_DATA_DEST_SHIFT;
	dbell.params |= DB_AGG_CMD_SET << FCOE_DB_DATA_AGG_CMD_SHIFT;
	dbell.params |= DQ_XCM_FCOE_SQ_PROD_CMD <<
	    FCOE_DB_DATA_AGG_VAL_SEL_SHIFT;

	dbell.sq_prod = fcport->fw_sq_prod_idx;
	/* wmb makes sure that the BDs data is updated before updating the
	 * producer, otherwise FW may read old data from the BDs.
	 */
	wmb();
	barrier();
	writel(*(u32 *)&dbell, fcport->p_doorbell);
	/*
	 * Fence required to flush the write combined buffer, since another
	 * CPU may write to the same doorbell address and data may be lost
	 * due to relaxed order nature of write combined bar.
	 */
	wmb();
}

3. 对外设写的顺序有要求，确保写的先后顺序，下面为先写高位，后写低位
	/* make sure write the uaddr at the end */
	barrier();
	iowrite32((u32)(uaddr >> 32), qhead + offsetof(struct receive_queue, q_used_hi));
	barrier();
	iowrite32((u32)uaddr, qhead + offsetof(struct receive_queue, q_used_lo));