完成一个基本的Servlet需要前端页面,后端Servlet和配置Tomcat服务器做转发:
1.项目要是动态
项目结构:
2.后端Servlet:
package com.hy.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class AutoServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public AutoServlet() {
super();
}
//用来处理get请求
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
System.out.println("get方法被调用");
//1.获取请求参数
/*
* 如果有乱码问题产生就在tomcat安装目录中的conf文件的server.xml文件中
* 第一个Connector标签中添加属性:URIEncoding="UTF-8"
*/
String username=request.getParameter("username");
String password=request.getParameter("password");
System.out.println(username+":"+password);
//2.获取项目的虚拟路径
String contextPath =request.getContextPath();
System.out.println(contextPath);
//3.转发,获取转发器,进行请求的转发
RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher =request.getRequestDispatcher("success.html");
requestDispatcher.forward(request, response);
}
//用来处理post请求
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//doGet(request, response);
/*
* post请求的请求中文乱码问题:在第一次获取请求参数之前设置字符集为UTF-8
*/
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
System.out.println("post方法被调用");
String username=request.getParameter("username");
String password=request.getParameter("password");
System.out.println(username+":"+password);
//response的作用
//解决响应乱码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
/*writer.write("<!DOCTYPE html>\r\n" +
"<html>\r\n" +
"<head>\r\n" +
"<meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\r\n" +
"<title>Insert title here</title>\r\n" +
"</head>\r\n" +
"<body>\r\n" +
" <h1>我是一个很漂亮的页面</h1>\r\n" +
"</body>\r\n" +
"</html>");*/
//重定向
response.sendRedirect("success.html");
}
/*
* 转发与重定向的区别:
* 1.转发发送一次请求,重定向发送两次请求
* 2.转发浏览器地址无变化,重定向浏览器地址有变化
* 3.转发可以访问WEB-INF目录下的资源,重定向不可以访问
* 4.转发可以共享request域中的数据,重定向不可以共享request域中的数据
*/
}
2.写前端:index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="MyFirstServlet">HelloServlet</a>
<form action="AutoServlet" method="get">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="发送get请求">
</form>
<form action="AutoServlet" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="发送post请求">
</form>
</body>
</html>
success.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>我是一个很漂亮的页面</h1>
</body>
</html>
3.配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.hy.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/MyFirstServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<description></description>
<display-name>AutoServlet</display-name>
<servlet-name>AutoServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.hy.servlet.AutoServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>AutoServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/AutoServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
最后把项目部署到TomCat中,访问如下地址: