C: mmap使文件映射至内存实现进程间通信

具体mmap的细节可参考这篇博客, 下面举例示范在Linux环境下两个线程(进程同理)通过将同一个文件映射至各自进程地址空间中, 从而实现进程间通信。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int chil_fun(char *path) {//子线程执行的函数
    const char *filepath = path;
    int fd = open(filepath, O_RDWR);
    if (fd < 0) {
        printf("\n\"%s \" could not open\n", filepath);
        exit(1);
    }

    struct stat statbuf;
    int err = fstat(fd, &statbuf);
    if (err < 0) {
        printf("\n\"%s \" could not open\n", filepath);
        exit(2);
    }

    char *ptr = (char *) mmap(NULL, statbuf.st_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
    if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
        printf("Mapping Failed\n");
        return 1;
    }
    close(fd);
//    ssize_t n = write(1, ptr, statbuf.st_size);
//    if (n != statbuf.st_size) {
//        printf("Write failed\n");
//    }
    printf("init text: %s\n", ptr);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < statbuf.st_size / 2; i++) {//翻转文件里的内容
        int j = statbuf.st_size - i - 1;
        int t = ptr[i];
        ptr[i] = ptr[j];
        ptr[j] = t;
    }
	
    err = munmap(ptr, statbuf.st_size);

    if (err != 0) {
        printf("UnMapping Failed\n");
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;

}

int par_fun(char *path) {//父线程执行的函数
    const char *filepath = path;
    int fd = open(filepath, O_RDWR);
    if (fd < 0) {
        printf("\n\"%s \" could not open\n", filepath);
        exit(1);
    }

    struct stat statbuf;
    int err = fstat(fd, &statbuf);
    if (err < 0) {
        printf("\n\"%s \" could not open\n", filepath);
        exit(2);
    }

    char *ptr = (char *) mmap(NULL, statbuf.st_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
    if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
        printf("Mapping Failed\n");
        return 1;
    }
    close(fd);

//    ssize_t n = write(1, ptr, statbuf.st_size);
//    if (n != statbuf.st_size) {
//        printf("Write failed\n");
//    }
    printf("text after reverse: %s\n", ptr);

    err = munmap(ptr, statbuf.st_size);

    if (err != 0) {
        printf("UnMapping Failed\n");
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {// 命令行传入文本文件路径, 子线程翻转文件里的内容, 父线程输出文件翻转后的内容
    pid_t child_pid = fork();
    
    if (child_pid == 0) {//child
        chil_fun(argv[1]);
    } else {//parent
        waitpid(child_pid, NULL, 0);
        par_fun(argv[1]);
    }
    return 0;
}