python中文件读取read()、readline()和readlines()的区别

一、read()方法

• 特点： 一次性读取整个文件，将文件内容放到一个字符串变量中。
• 劣势：如果文件非常大，尤其是大于内存时，无法使用read()方法

with open("./file_open.text", "r") as fp:
	st = fp.read()
	print(type(st))
	print(st)

<class ‘str’>
this is the first
this is the second
this is the third

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二、readline()方法

• 特点：readline()方法每次读取一行；返回的是一个字符串对象，保持当前行的内存
• 缺点：比readlines慢得多

with open("./file_open.text","r") as fp:
	st = fp.readline()
	print(type(st))
	print(st)

<class ‘str’>
this is the first

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三、readlines方法

• 特点：一次性读取整个文件，自动将文件内容分析成一个行的列表。

with open("./file_open.text", "r") as fp:
	st_list = fp.readlines()
	print(type(st_list))
	print(st_list)

<class ‘list’>
[‘this is the first\n’, ‘this is the second\n’, ‘this is the third\n’]