CentOS7下安装MySQL5.7（生产模式）

前言

之前有篇总结了用rpm包简单安装MySQL5.7，这篇文章总结一下生产模式下MySQL的安装配置。

安装

1.解压及创建目录

# mysql安装到/usr/local目录下
tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
mv mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

# 解压完成后 ll看一下 mysql的用户和用户组
drwxr-xr-x  9 7161 wheel 129 2月   2 2016 mysql

2.创建必要目录

# arch 归档 tmp 临时目录
mkdir mysql/arch mysql/data mysql/tmp

配置

1.修改配置文件

vi /etc/my.cnf

gg定位到内容头部，dG清除内容，按i进入insert模式下 添加以下全部内容

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

skip-slave-start

skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
query_cache_size= 32M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M
tmp_table_size=32M

table_open_cache = 512
thread_cache_size = 8
wait_timeout = 86400
interactive_timeout = 86400
max_connections = 600

# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
#thread_concurrency = 32 

#isolation level and default engine 
default-storage-engine = INNODB
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED

server-id  = 1739
basedir     = /usr/local/mysql
datadir     = /usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file     = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid

#open performance schema
log-warnings
sysdate-is-now

binlog_format = ROW
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log-error  = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err
log-bin = /usr/local/mysql/arch/mysql-bin
expire_logs_days = 7

innodb_write_io_threads=16

relay-log  = /usr/local/mysql/relay_log/relay-log
relay-log-index = /usr/local/mysql/relay_log/relay-log.index
relay_log_info_file= /usr/local/mysql/relay_log/relay-log.info

log_slave_updates=1
gtid_mode=OFF
enforce_gtid_consistency=OFF

# slave
slave-parallel-type=LOGICAL_CLOCK
slave-parallel-workers=4
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_recovery=ON

#other logs
#general_log =1
#general_log_file  = /usr/local/mysql/data/general_log.err
#slow_query_log=1
#slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/slow_log.err

#for replication slave
sync_binlog = 500


#for innodb options 
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G;ibdata2:1G:autoextend

innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/arch
innodb_log_files_in_group = 4
innodb_log_file_size = 1G
innodb_log_buffer_size = 200M

#根据生产需要，调整pool size 
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 50M #deprecated in 5.6
tmpdir = /usr/local/mysql/tmp

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 1000
#innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1

#innodb io features: add for mysql5.5.8
performance_schema
innodb_read_io_threads=4
innodb-write-io-threads=4
innodb-io-capacity=200
#purge threads change default(0) to 1 for purge
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_use_native_aio=on

#case-sensitive file names and separate tablespace
innodb_file_per_table = 1
lower_case_table_names=1

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 128M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

2.创建用户组及用户

具体什么服务，就创建一个具体用户来管理

groupadd -g 101 dba
useradd -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin
id mysqladmin
uid=514(mysqladmin) gid=101(dba) 组=101(dba),0(root)

3.copy 环境变量配置文件至mysqladmin用户的home目录中,为了以下步骤配置个人环境变量

cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/mysql

4…配置环境变量

vi mysql/.bashrc
vi mysql/.bash_profile

两个都添加以下：

export MYSQL_BASE=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=${MYSQL_BASE}/bin:$PATH

5.赋权限和用户组，切换用户mysqladmin，安装

chown  mysqladmin:dba /etc/my.cnf 
chmod  640 /etc/my.cnf  

chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql

6.配置服务及开机自启动

[root@hadoop local] cd /usr/local/mysql
#将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql
[root@hadoop mysql] cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql 
#赋予可执行权限
[root@hadoop mysql] chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
#删除服务
[root@hadoop mysql] chkconfig --del mysql
#添加服务
[root@hadoop mysql] chkconfig --add mysql
[root@hadoop mysql] chkconfig --level 345 mysql on

vi /etc/rc.local

添加下面一句

su - mysqladmin -c "/etc/init.d/mysql start --federated"

7.离线安装libaio

下载安装包：http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@hadoop102 software]# rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
	package libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 is already installed

8.初始化MySQL

[root@hadoop mysql] su - mysqladmin

hadoop:mysqladmin:/usr/local/mysql:> bin/mysqld \
	--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf \
	--user=mysqladmin \
	--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
	--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data \
	--initialize

初始化完成后，查看临时密码

cd data/
cat hostname.err |grep password

8.启动，登录及修改用户密码

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &

回车后 光标停在 如下
2021-01-11T06:20:40.665779Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
再回车一下 就ok
[mysqladmin@node1 ~]$ 

mysql -uroot -p’临时密码‘

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.11-log

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> _

设置用户权限

mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by '新密码';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '新密码' ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)


mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit;
Bye

9.重启服务

hadoop:mysqladmin:/usr/local/mysql:> service mysql restart

登录账户密码，或者查看服务状态

附：安装失败处理

mysql出了问题，无需uninstall install，清空data 和 arch 两个目录的内容，重新初始化即可

rm -rf arch/* data/*
su - mysqladmin

bin/mysqld \
--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf \
--user=mysqladmin \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ \
--initialize

使用

1. 查看MySQL服务是否启动 若没启动 切mysqladmin用户

su - mysqladmin
service mysql start

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

2. 退回到root登录 或者直接登录

exit

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysql -uroot -p
输入密码：
...
mysql>