微服务理念与Spring Cloud入门-----Zuul路由搭建

七、Zuul

7.0概念

Zuul是Spring Cloud全家桶中的微服务API网关。

所有从设备或网站来的请求都会经过Zuul到达后端的Netflix应用程序。作为一个边界性质的应用程序，Zuul提供了动态路由、监控、弹性负载和安全功能。Zuul底层利用各种filter实现如下功能：

• 认证和安全 识别每个需要认证的资源，拒绝不符合要求的请求。
• 性能监测 在服务边界追踪并统计数据，提供精确的生产视图。
• 动态路由 根据需要将请求动态路由到后端集群。
• 压力测试 逐渐增加对集群的流量以了解其性能。
• 负载卸载 预先为每种类型的请求分配容量，当请求超过容量时自动丢弃。
• 静态资源处理 直接在边界返回某些响应。

7.1路由基本配置

1、创建microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527

2、pom.xml内容

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
		<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<artifactId>microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527</artifactId>

	<dependencies>
		<!-- zuul路由网关 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- actuator监控 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- hystrix容错 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 日常标配 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
			<version>${project.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 热部署插件 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

3、配置yml文件

server: 
  port: 9527
 
spring: 
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
 
eureka: 
  client: 
    service-url: 
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka  
  instance:
    instance-id: gateway-9527.com
    prefer-ip-address: true 
 
 
zuul: 
  #ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept
  prefix: /atguigu
  ignored-services: "*"
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**
 
info:
  app.name: atguigu-microcloud
  company.name: www.atguigu.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$

4、主启动类：

@EnableZuulProxy

5、修改hosts文件映射myzuul.com

测试方式：例— http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

7.2路由访问映射规则

修改本工程yml

zuul: 
 prefix: /atguigu  #统一公共前缀
 ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept #忽略此服务实例											名，"*"忽略所有微服务名
 routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**