网络编程基础知识 02 - udp 消息发送与接收 网络资源下载

TOMCAT

服务端

• 自定义 S
• Tomcat 服务器 S

客户端

• 自定义 C
• 浏览器 B

UDP

发消息：不用连接，需要知道对方的地址

发送消息

package net.internet;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;

// don't need connect server
public class UDPClientTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 1. establish a Socket
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
        // 2. create a package
        String msg = "hello";
        // send to who
        InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
        int port = 9090;
        // data; start and end of data length; send to whom
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), 0, msg.getBytes().length, localhost, port);
        // 3. send package
        socket.send(packet);
        // 4. close
        socket.close();
    }
}

接受端

package net.internet;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

// wait connection from client
public class UDPServerTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // open port
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
        // receive data packet
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
        socket.receive(packet); // block accept
        System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress());
        System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(),0,packet.getLength()));
        socket.close();

    }
}

循环发送消息

package net.chat;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;

public class UdpSenderDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // socket send msg
        // packet receive msg
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(8888);
        // prepare data: console read System.in
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        while(true){
            String data = reader.readLine();
            // data is not readable, so it need to be transfer to bytes
            byte[] datas = data.getBytes();

            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas,0,datas.length,new InetSocketAddress("localhost",6666));
            socket.send(packet);
            if(data.equals("bye")){
                break;
            }
        }

        socket.close();
    }
}

循环接收消息

package net.chat;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;

public class UdpSenderDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // socket send msg
        // packet receive msg
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(8888);
        // prepare data: console read System.in
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        while(true){
            String data = reader.readLine();
            // data is not readable, so it need to be transfer to bytes
            byte[] datas = data.getBytes();

            DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas,0,datas.length,new InetSocketAddress("localhost",6666));
            socket.send(packet);
            if(data.equals("bye")){
                break;
            }
        }

        socket.close();
    }
}

在线聊天

package net.chat;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

public class TalkSend implements Runnable{
    DatagramSocket socket = null;
    BufferedReader reader = null;
    private int fromPort;
    private String toIP;
    private int toPort;


    public TalkSend(int fromPort, String toIP, int toPort) {
        this.fromPort = fromPort;
        this.toIP = toIP;
        this.toPort = toPort;
        try{
            DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(fromPort);
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            try{
                String data = reader.readLine();
                byte[] datas = data.getBytes();
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(datas,0,datas.length,new InetSocketAddress(this.toIP,this.toPort));
                socket.send(packet);
                if(data.equals("bye")){
                    break;
                }
            }catch(Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

package net.chat;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

public class TalkReceive implements Runnable{

    DatagramSocket socket = null;
    private int port;
    private String msgFrom;

    public TalkReceive(int port,String msgFrom) {
        this.port = port;
        this.msgFrom = msgFrom;
        try {
            socket = new DatagramSocket(port);
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            try{
                byte[] container = new byte[1024];
                DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(container,0,container.length);
                socket.receive(packet);
                byte[] data = packet.getData();
                String receiveData = new String(data,0,data.length);
                System.out.println(msgFrom+" : "+receiveData);
                if(receiveData.equals("bye")){
                    break;
                }
            }catch(IOException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        socket.close();
    }
}

package net.chat;

public class TalkStudent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new TalkSend(5555,"localhost",9999)).start();
        new Thread(new TalkReceive(8888,"teacher")).start();
    }
}

package net.chat;

public class TalkTeacher {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Thread(new TalkSend(5555,"localhost",8888)).start();
        new Thread(new TalkReceive(9999,"student")).start();
    }
}

URL

统一资源定位符：定位资源的，定位互联网上的某一个资源

协议：//IP地址：端口/项目名/资源

http://localhost:8080/zepei/hello1.txt

下载网络资源

package net.internet;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
public class URLDownload {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 1. download url
        URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/zepei/hello1.txt");
        // 2. connect this resource: HTTP
        HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
        InputStream inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("hello1.txt");
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len;
        while((len=inputStream.read())!=-1){
            fos.write(buffer,0,len);
        }
        fos.close();
        inputStream.close();
        urlConnection.disconnect();
    }
}