RecyclerView的使用（一）

目录

 

1.RecyclerView概述

2.RecyclerView的简单使用

3.改变布局管理器，RecyclerView的变化

---

1.RecyclerView概述

在谷歌Android官网，给RecyclerView的描述是:

那RecyclerView凭什么要比ListView要更高级？更灵活？

答案是，RecyclerView可以自定义布局管理器来决定item的排布规则。如，

LinearLayoutManager、GridLayoutManager、StaggeredGridLayoutManager 等。

2.RecyclerView的简单使用

那我们先用LinearLayoutManager来实现一个简单的列表吧

首先在Gradle添加RecyclerView的依赖

dependencies {
    ...
    implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'
}

在layout里面使用RecyclerView

<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/rv_successive_dynasties_huoying"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

在MainActivity里面实例化RecyclerView，并设置LayouManager和Adapter

private void initView()
{
    recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.rv_successive_dynasties_huoying);
    // 线性布局管理器
    LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
    recyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
    // 用于描述item的适配器
    recyclerAdapter = new RecyclerAdapter(huoyingList);
    recyclerView.setAdapter(recyclerAdapter);
}

实现RecyclerViewAdpater

public class RecyclerAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerAdapter.ViewHolder>
{
    private List<Huoying> huoyingList;

    public RecyclerAdapter(List<Huoying> huoyingList)
    {
        this.huoyingList = huoyingList;
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public RecyclerAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType)
    {
        View itemView = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item, parent, false);
        ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(itemView);
        return viewHolder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull RecyclerAdapter.ViewHolder holder, int position)
    {
        holder.name.setText(huoyingList.get(position).getName());
        holder.number.setText(String.valueOf(huoyingList.get(position).getNumber()));
        holder.trump.setText(huoyingList.get(position).getTrump());
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount()
    {
        return huoyingList.size();
    }

    class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder
    {
        TextView name; //火影名字
        TextView number; //火影的代号
        TextView trump; //他的绝招

        public ViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView)
        {
            super(itemView);
            this.name = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
            this.number = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_number);
            this.trump = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_trump);
        }

    }
}

RecyclerAdapter的关键在与

RecyclerAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType){

}

void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull RecyclerAdapter.ViewHolder holder, int position) {

}

onCreateViewHolder用于将item.xml实例化，并以ViewHolder的形式呈现，

onBindViewHolder用于在初始和滑动RecyclerView时，给item里面的子控件赋值。

其实按照我的浅显理解，onCreateViewHolder和onBindViewHolder加起来就类似于ListView adapter里面的

View getView(int position, View itemView, ViewGroup parent)

你看getView()里面既有parent可以用来实例化item.xml，又有position可以找到item位置来赋值，是不是就如同onCreateViewHolder

和onBindViewHolder的功能！

差异就只是在item的表示形式从View变成了ViewHolder。

item.xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:weightSum="3">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_name"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="千手柱间" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_number"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="1" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_trump"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="木遁" />

</LinearLayout>

再看看，我是怎么描述火影的

public class Huoying
{
    private int number;
    private String name;
    private String trump;

    public Huoying(int number, String name, String trump)
    {
        this.number = number;
        this.name = name;
        this.trump = trump;
    }

    public String getName()
    {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name)
    {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getTrump()
    {
        return trump;
    }

    public void setTrump(String trump)
    {
        this.trump = trump;
    }

    public int getNumber()
    {
        return number;
    }

    public void setNumber(int number)
    {
        this.number = number;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString()
    {
        return "Huoying{" +
                "number=" + number +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", trump='" + trump + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

最后我们在MainActivity里面给将历代火影数据传递给adapter

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{
    private RecyclerView recyclerView;
    private RecyclerAdapter recyclerAdapter;

    private List<Huoying> huoyingList;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initData();
        initView();
        setListener();
    }

    private void initData()
    {
        huoyingList = new ArrayList<>(7);
        huoyingList.add(new Huoying(1, "千手柱间", "木遁"));
        huoyingList.add(new Huoying(2, "千手扉间", "水遁"));
        huoyingList.add(new Huoying(3, "猿飞日斩", "猿魔"));
        huoyingList.add(new Huoying(4, "波风水门", "飞雷神"));
        huoyingList.add(new Huoying(5, "千手纲手", "百豪之术"));
        huoyingList.add(new Huoying(6, "旗木卡卡西", "雷切"));
        huoyingList.add(new Huoying(7, "漩涡鸣人", "螺旋丸"));
    }

    private void initView()
    {
        recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.rv_successive_dynasties_huoying);

        LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);

        recyclerAdapter = new RecyclerAdapter(huoyingList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(recyclerAdapter);
    }

    private void setListener()
    {

    }
}

我把完整的R.layout.activity_main也贴出来

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_title"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="历代火影" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:weightSum="3">

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="名字" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="序号" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="绝招" />

    </LinearLayout>


    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/rv_successive_dynasties_huoying"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

 

编译运行，效果如下：

 

3.改变布局管理器，RecyclerView的变化

我们在使用LinearLayoutManager来管理item的样式时，LinearLayoutManager的默认Orientation是LinearLayout.VERTICAL

所以我们可以改成LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL，看看RecyclerView会是怎样的效果

linearLayoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);

编译运行，效果如下：

就变成了横滑显示。

我们再试试GridLayoutManager

GridLayoutManager gridLayoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(this, 3);

spanCount设置为3，看看运行效果：

虽然文件看的有点辛苦，但RecyclerView确实变成了有3列数据的网状结构。

还有一些其他的布局管理器大家可以自己慢慢尝试^_^

4.源码下载

https://github.com/messiwangzi/RecyclerView