Android 2-10 RecyclerView

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-27 14:46:45 发布

Maji-May

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-27 14:46:45 发布

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分类专栏：移动端开发文章标签： android android studio viewpager 移动开发安卓

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/YuriChao/article/details/104447014

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本文介绍了如何在Android中使用RecyclerView，包括添加依赖库、修改布局文件、创建Fruit类和适配器、设置不同LayoutManager（LinearLayoutManager, GridLayoutManager, StaggeredGridLayoutManager）以及实现点击事件。详细步骤和代码示例展示了如何实现不同布局效果。" 123212633,12355703,Linux基础命令详解,"['Linux', '运维', '服务器']

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RecyclerView

本文章转载自https://www.jianshu.com/p/b4bb52cdbeb7

文章目录

RecyclerView

因为RecyclerView属于新增的控件,Android将RecyclerView定义在support库里。若要使用RecyclerView,第一步是要在build.gradle中添加对应的依赖库。

添加RecyclerView 依赖库

在app/build.gradle中的dependencies闭包添加以下内容：

implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:27.1.1'

然后点击顶部的Sync Now进行同步

修改 activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
>

<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
/>
</LinearLayout>

由于RecyclerView不是内置在系统SDK中,需要把其完整的包名路径写出来

新建 Fruit.java

public class Fruit {
	private String name;
	private int imageId;
	public Fruit(String name, int imageId) {
		this.name = name;
		this.imageId = imageId;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public int getImageId() {
		return imageId;
	}
}

新建 fruit_item.xml

创建ImageView来显示水果图片,TextView来显示水果名字。

<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/fruit_image"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/fruitname"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

新增适配器 FruitAdapter

为RecyclerView新增适配器FruitAdapter,并让其继承于RecyclerView.Adapter,把泛型指定为FruitAdapter.ViewHolder。

public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder> {

private List<Fruit> mFruitList;
static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
ImageView fruitImage;
TextView fruitName;

public ViewHolder (View view)
{
super(view);
fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruitname);
}

}

public FruitAdapter (List <Fruit> fruitList){
mFruitList = fruitList;
}

@Override

public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType){
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item,parent,false);
ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
return holder;
}

@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position){

Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
}

@Override
public int getItemCount(){
return mFruitList.size();
}

定义内部类ViewHolder,并继承RecyclerView.ViewHolder。传入的View参数通常是RecyclerView子项的最外层布局。
FruitAdapter构造函数,用于把要展示的数据源传入,并赋予值给全局变量mFruitList。
FruitAdapter继承RecyclerView.Adapter。因为必须重写onCreateViewHolder(),onBindViewHolder() 和getItemCount()三个方法

（1）onCreateViewHolder()用于创建ViewHolder实例,并把加载的布局传入到构造函数去,再把ViewHolder实例返回。
（2）onBindViewHolder()则是用于对子项的数据进行赋值,会在每个子项被滚动到屏幕内时执行。position得到当前项的Fruit实例。
（3）getItemCount()返回RecyclerView的子项数目。

修改MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

	private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		initFruits();
		RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
		LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
		recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
		FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
		recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
	}

	private void initFruits() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
			Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple", R.drawable.apple_pic);
			fruitList.add(apple);
			Fruit banana = new Fruit("Banana", R.drawable.banana_pic);
			fruitList.add(banana);
			Fruit orange = new Fruit("Orange", R.drawable.orange_pic);
			fruitList.add(orange);
			Fruit watermelon = new Fruit("Watermelon", R.drawable.watermelon_pic);
			fruitList.add(watermelon);
			Fruit pear = new Fruit("Pear", R.drawable.pear_pic);
			fruitList.add(pear);
			Fruit grape = new Fruit("Grape", R.drawable.grape_pic);
			fruitList.add(grape);
			Fruit pineapple = new Fruit("Pineapple", R.drawable.pineapple_pic);
			fruitList.add(pineapple);
			Fruit strawberry = new Fruit("Strawberry", R.drawable.strawberry_pic);
			fruitList.add(strawberry);
			Fruit cherry = new Fruit("Cherry", R.drawable.cherry_pic);
			fruitList.add(cherry);
			Fruit mango = new Fruit("Mango", R.drawable.mango_pic);
			fruitList.add(mango);
		}
	}
}

LayoutManager用于指定RecyclerView的布局方式。LinearLayoutManager指的是线性布局。
运行效果：

在这里插入图片描述

修改RecyclerView 显示效果

修改 fruit_item.xml

<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"

>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>

<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/fruitname"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

把LinearLayout改成垂直排列,因为水果名字长度不一样,把宽度改为100dp。
ImageView和TextView都改为水平居中

修改MainActivity.java

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
	super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
	setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
	initFruits();
	RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
	LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
	layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);
	recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
	FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
	recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
}

通过调用setOrientation()把布局的排列方向改为水平排列。
得益于RecyclerView的设计,我们可以通过LayoutManager实现各种不同的排列方式的布局。
运行结果:
在这里插入图片描述
除了LinearLayoutManager,RecyclerView还提供了GridLayoutManager(网格布局)和StaggeredGridLayoutManager(瀑布流布局)

GridLayoutManager

GridLayoutManager(网格布局)

修改MainActivity.java

把

LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);

换成

GridLayoutManager layoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(this,5);

GridLayoutManager (Context context, int spanCount)

Context: Current context, will be used to access resources.
spanCount int: The number of columns in the grid(网格的列数)
运行结果:

StaggeredGridLayoutManager

StaggeredGridLayoutManager(瀑布流布局)

修改fruit_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/fruitname"
android:layout_gravity="left"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

把LinearLayout的宽度设为match_parent是因为瀑布流的宽度是根据布局的列数来自动适配的,而不是固定值。(GridLayoutManager也是根据布局的列数来自动适配的）。

修改MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

	private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		initFruits();
		RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
		StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
		recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
		FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
		recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
	}
	private void initFruits() {
		for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
			Fruit apple = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Apple"), R.drawable.apple_pic);
			fruitList.add(apple);
			Fruit banana = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Banana"), R.drawable.banana_pic);
			fruitList.add(banana);
			Fruit orange = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Orange"), R.drawable.orange_pic);
			fruitList.add(orange);
			Fruit watermelon = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Watermelon"), R.drawable.watermelon_pic);
			fruitList.add(watermelon);
			Fruit pear = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pear"), R.drawable.pear_pic);
			fruitList.add(pear);
			Fruit grape = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Grape"), R.drawable.grape_pic);
			fruitList.add(grape);
			Fruit pineapple = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Pineapple"), R.drawable.pineapple_pic);
			fruitList.add(pineapple);
			Fruit strawberry = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Strawberry"), R.drawable.strawberry_pic);
			fruitList.add(strawberry);
			Fruit cherry = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Cherry"), R.drawable.cherry_pic);
			fruitList.add(cherry);
			Fruit mango = new Fruit(getRandomLengthName("Mango"), R.drawable.mango_pic);
			fruitList.add(mango);
		}
	}
	private String getRandomLengthName(String name) {
		Random random = new Random();
		int length= random.nextInt(20)+1; // 产生1-20的随机数
		StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
		for (int i =0; i<length; i++) {
			builder.append(name);
		}
		return builder.function function toString() {
			[native code]
		}() {
			[native code]
		}();
	}
}

StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);StaggeredGridLayoutManager传入2个参数,第一个是布局的列数,第二个是布局的排列方向。

random.nextInt(20)+1 产生1-20的随机数
运行效果:

在这里插入图片描述

GridLayoutManager和StaggeredGridLayout的区别

GridLayoutManager
在这里插入图片描述
StaggerGridLayoutManager

在这里插入图片描述
上图是GridLayoutManager,下图是StaggeredGridLayout。
当从显示效果来看,已经一目了然。
GridLayoutManager是会固定高度的,所以会留下很多空白区域。
相反,StaggeredGridLayout并不会固定高度,以至于就算子项的高度不一致,下一行的会自动靠拢上一行。

Recycler的点击事件

修改FruitAdapter.java


public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder> {

	private List<Fruit> mFruitList;
	static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
		View fruitView;
		ImageView fruitImage;
		TextView fruitName;

		public ViewHolder (View view) {
			super(view);
			fruitView = view;
			fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
			fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruitname);
		}

	}

	public FruitAdapter (List <Fruit> fruitList) {
		mFruitList = fruitList;
	}

	@Override

	public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
		View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item,parent,false);
		final ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
		holder.fruitView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View view) {
				int position = holder.getAdapterPosition();
				Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
				Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "you clicked view" + fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			}
		});

		holder.fruitImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View view) {
				int position = holder.getAdapterPosition();
				Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
				Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "you clicked image" + fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			}
		});
		return holder;
	}

	...
}

修改ViewHolder,添加fruitView变量来保存子项最外层布局的实例。
运行效果：
在这里插入图片描述

Maji-May

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Android 2-10 RecyclerView

RecyclerView本文章转载自https://www.jianshu.com/p/b4bb52cdbeb7文章目录RecyclerView添加RecyclerView 依赖库修改 activity_main.xml新建 Fruit.java新建 fruit_item.xml新增适配器 FruitAdapter修改MainActivity.java修改RecyclerView 显示效果...
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