scrapy爬取股票信息（嵩天老师mooc）

针对txt一直没有输出的问题，本文章参考了https://blog.csdn.net/Kiloveyousmile/article/details/76033960解决方案，在此表示感谢

针对一直403的问题构造了了user-agent池，随机生成一个user-agent,大大降低了被反爬的可能。

scrapy startproject BaiduStocks

cd BaiduStocks

scrapy genspider stocks baidu.com

修改stocks.py:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import re
import random
 
class StocksSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'stocks'
    start_urls = ['http://quote.eastmoney.com/stocklist.html']
    user_agent_list = [\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1"\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24",\
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24"
        ]
    def parse(self, response):
     
        ua = random.choice(self.user_agent_list)#随机抽取User-Agent
        headers = {
          'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, sdch, br',
          'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8',
          'Connection':'keep-alive',
          'Referer':'https://gupiao.baidu.com/',
          'User-Agent':ua
          }#构造请求头

        
        for href in response.css('a::attr(href)').extract():
            try:
                stock=re.findall(r"[s][hz]\d{6}",href)[0]
                url='https://gupiao.baidu.com/stock/'+stock+'.html'
                yield scrapy.Request(url,callback=self.parse_stock,headers=headers)
            except:
                continue

   
            
    def parse_stock(self,response):
        infoDict={}
        stockInfo=response.css('.stock-bets')
        name=stockInfo.css('.bets-name').extract()[0]
        keyList=stockInfo.css('dt').extract()
        valueList=stockInfo.css('dd').extract()
        for i in range(len(keyList)):
            key=re.findall(r'>.*</dt>',keyList[i])[0][1:-5]
            try:
                val=re.findall(r'\d+\.?.*</dd>',valueList[i])[0][0:-5]
            except:
                val='--'
            infoDict[key]=val
        infoDict.update(
            {'股票名称':re.findall(r'\s.*\(',name)[0].split()[0]+\
             re.findall(r'\>.*\<',name)[0][1:-1]})
        yield infoDict

修改pipeline.py:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
 
 
class BaidustocksPipeline(object):
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        return item
 
class BaidustocksInfoPipeline(object):
    def open_spider(self, spider):
        self.f = open('BaiduStockInfo.txt', 'w')
 
    def close_spider(self, spider):
        self.f.close()
 
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        try:
            line = str(dict(item)) + '\n'
            self.f.write(line)
        except:
            pass
        return item

修改settings.py,修改前：

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
#ITEM_PIPELINES = {
#    'BaiduStocks.pipelines.BaidustocksInfoPipeline': 300,
#}

修改后（注意：一定要把ITEM_PIPELINES所在的三个“#”全部删掉，不然pipelines就不能亮剑了）： 

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
    'BaiduStocks.pipelines.BaidustocksInfoPipeline': 300,
}

最后，scrapy crawl stocks即可，效果：