C语言实现的学生信息管理系统

#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#define FORMAT “%-8d%-15s%-3.2f %-3.2f %-3.2f %-3.2f \n”
#define DATA stu[i].num,stu[i].name,stu[i].xuanxiu,stu[i].shiyan,stu[i].bixiu,stu[i].sum

typedef struct student
{
unsigned int num; /学号/
char name[15]; /姓名/
double xuanxiu; /选修课/
double shiyan; /实验课/
double bixiu; /必修课/
double sum; /总分/
}student;
student stu[50];
int m = 0;//学生信息的条数

//函数声明
void initdata();
void show();
void insert();
void order();
void del();
void modify();
void menu();
void keep();
int total();
void search();

void keep()
{
int i = 0;
FILE *fp;
if ((fp = fopen(“data.txt”, “wb”)) == NULL)
{
printf(“保存文件失败\n”);
return;
}
for (; i < m; i++)
{
fwrite(&stu[i], sizeof(student), 1, fp);
}
fclose(fp);
printf(“保存了%d条学生信息\n”, i);
}
int total()
{
return m;
}
void search()
{
int num,i,flag=0;
printf(“请输入要查找的学生学号\n”);
scanf("%d", &num);
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
if (stu[i].num == num)
{
flag = 1;
printf(“查找结果如下：\n”);
printf("\t|学号|姓名|选修课|实验课|必修课|总分|\n");
printf(FORMAT, DATA);
break;
}
}
if (flag == 0)
{
printf(“没有查找到该学号的学生\n”);
}
}
//从文件中读入数据
void initdata()
{
FILE *fp;
if ((fp = fopen(“data.txt”, “a+”)) == NULL)
{
printf(“打开文件失败\n”);
return;
}
while (!feof(fp))
{
if (fread(&stu[m], sizeof(student), 1, fp) == 1)
m++;
}
if (m == 0)
{
printf(“没有任何记录\n”);
}
else
printf(“导入了%d条记录\n”, m);
fclose(fp);
}

void show()
{
int i;
if (m == 0)
{
printf(“还没有任何数据\n”);
return;
}
else
{
printf("\t|学号|姓名|选修课|实验课|必修课|总分|\n");
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
printf(FORMAT, DATA);
}
}
}

void insert()
{
int i,flag=0;
int pos,num;
student tmp;
if (m == 0)
printf(“目前还没有任何学生记录\n”);
if (m != 0)
{
printf(“目前的学生有：\n”);
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
printf("%-5d", stu[i].num);
if (i == 3)
printf("\n");
}
}
while (1)
{
printf(“请输入要插入的位置\n”);
scanf("%d", &pos);
if (pos >= 0 && pos <= m)
break;
}
while (1)
{
printf(“请输入学生学号\n”);
scanf("%d", &num);
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
if (stu[i].num == num)
{
flag = 1;
break;
}
}
if (flag == 0)
break;
else
{
printf(“输入的学号有重复,请重新输入\n”);
flag = 0;//这里注意要将flag置为0
}
}
//依次后移
for (i = m; i>pos; i–)
{
stu[i] = stu[i - 1];
}
stu[pos].num = num;
printf(“请输入学生姓名\n”);
scanf("%s", &stu[pos].name);
printf(“请输入学生选修课成绩\n”);
scanf("%lf", &stu[pos].xuanxiu);
printf(“请输入学生实验课成绩\n”);
scanf("%lf", &stu[pos].shiyan);
printf(“请输入学生必修课成绩\n”);
scanf("%lf", &stu[pos].bixiu);
stu[pos].sum = stu[pos].bixiu + stu[pos].xuanxiu + stu[pos].shiyan;
m++;
keep();
}

void order()
{
int i, j;
student tmp;
if (m <= 1)
{
printf(“现在的记录无法排序\n”);
return;
}
for (i = 0; i < m;i++)
for (j = i + 1; j < m; j++)
{
if (stu[i].sum>stu[j].sum)
{
tmp = stu[i];
stu[i] = stu[j];
stu[j] = tmp;
}
}
}

void del()
{
int num,i,flag=0,position;
char choice;
printf(“现有学生的学号：\n”);
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
printf("%-5d", stu[i].num);
if (i == 3)
printf("\n");
}
printf(“请输入要删除的学生学号\n”);
scanf("%d", &num);
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
{
if (stu[i].num == num)
{
flag = 1;
position = i;
break;
}
}
if (flag)
{
printf("\t|学号|姓名|选修课|实验课|必修课|总分|\n");
printf(FORMAT, DATA);
printf(“你是否要删除该学生信息(y\n)\n”);
fflush(stdin);
choice = getchar();
if (choice == ‘y’ || choice == ‘Y’)
{
for (i = position; i < m; i++)//依次往前移动
{
stu[i] = stu[i + 1];
}
m–;
}
keep();
}
else
{
printf(“没有找到此学号的学生\n”);
}
}

void modify()
{
int num,i,position=-1,choice;
printf(“请输入需要修改的学生学号\n”);
scanf("%d", &num);
for (i = 0; i < m; i++)//查找
{
if (stu[i].num == num)
{
position = i;
break;
}
}
if (position == -1)
printf(“没有找到此学号的学生\n”);
else
{
system(“CLS”);
printf("\t|学号|姓名|选修课|实验课|必修课|总分|\n");
printf(FORMAT, DATA);
while (1)
{
printf("\t0.退出修改程序\n");
printf("\t1.修改选修课成绩\n");
printf("\t2.修改实验课成绩\n");
printf("\t3.修改必修课成绩\n");
printf(“请输入你的选择:\n”);
scanf("%d", &choice);
switch (choice)
{
case 0:
stu[position].sum = stu[position].bixiu + stu[position].xuanxiu + stu[position].shiyan;
keep();
return;
case 1:
printf(“请输入选修课成绩”);
scanf("%lf", &stu[position].xuanxiu);
break;
case 2:
printf(“请输入实验课成绩\n”);
scanf("%lf", &stu[position].shiyan);
break;
case 3:
printf(“请输入必修课成绩\n”);
scanf("%lf", &stu[position].bixiu);
break;
default:
printf(“无效的命令\n”);
}
system(“CLS”);
}
}
}

void menu()
{
printf("\t0.退出系统\n");
printf("\t1.插入学生信息\n");
printf("\t2.排序\n");
printf("\t3.显示学生信息\n");
printf("\t4.修改学生信息\n");
printf("\t5.删除学生信息\n");
}

void main()
{
int sel;
initdata();
while (1)
{
menu();
printf(“请输入你的选择\n”);
scanf("%d", &sel);
switch (sel)
{
case 0:
keep();
exit(0);
case 1:
insert();
break;
case 2:
order();
show();
break;
case 3:
show();
break;
case 4:
modify();
break;
case 5:
del();
break;
}
printf(“按任意键返回首页\n”);
getch();
system(“CLS”);
}
}