centos7.5 更换 maridb10.2数据库数据目录

https://www.cnblogs.com/zhongjicainiao/p/15090826.html

接下来就想的把数据存在/home下面，首先把数据库服务给停了，然后拷贝数据存储文件夹

[root@localhost home]# cp -rp /var/lib/mysql /home/mysql // 拷贝
[root@localhost home]# ll
总用量 8
drwx------. 15 admin admin 4096 6月 28 2020 admin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 mysql mysql 4096 8月 2 10:54 mysql
[root@localhost home]# cd mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ll
总用量 116780
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 16384 8月 2 09:33 aria_log.00000001
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 52 8月 2 09:33 aria_log_control
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 913 8月 2 09:33 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 18874368 8月 2 09:33 ibdata1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 8月 2 09:33 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 8月 2 09:29 ib_logfile1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 0 8月 2 09:29 multi-master.info
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 3月 24 09:52 mysql
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 1593 7月 26 10:37 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 1040 8月 2 09:11 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 38 7月 26 10:38 mysql-bin.index
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 3月 24 09:52 performance_schema
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 28 7月 26 10:35 test

        拷贝完成后，修改数据库配置文件：

[root@localhost mysql]# cd /etc/my.cnf.d
[root@localhost my.cnf.d]# ls
enable_encryption.preset mysql-clients.cnf server.cnf
[root@localhost my.cnf.d]# vi server.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/home/mysql

systemctl start mariadb

如果不错则结束，下面是错误解决方法：

1. 保存修改后，尝试重启数据库服务，结果报错了：
   [root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mariadb
   Job for mariadb.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See “systemctl status mariadb.service” and “journalctl -xe” for details.
   [root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mariadb
   ● mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.2.39 database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d
   └─migrated-from-my.cnf-settings.conf
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 一 2021-08-02 11:09:58 CST; 12s ago
   Docs: man:mysqld(8)
   https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
   Process: 32723 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld $MYSQLD_OPTS --basedir=/usr $_WSREP_NEW_CLUSTER $_WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
   Process: 32705 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c [ ! -e /usr/bin/galera_recovery ] && VAR= || VAR=cd /usr/bin/..; /usr/bin/galera_recovery; [ KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 13: ? -eq 0 ] &̲& systemctl set…VAR || exit 1 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Process: 32699 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c systemctl unset-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 32723 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
   Status: “MariaDB server is down”

8月 02 11:09:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB 10.2.39 database server…
8月 02 11:09:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[32723]: 2021-08-02 11:09:58 140668166133888 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 10.2.39-MariaDB) starting as process 32723 …
8月 02 11:09:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[32723]: 2021-08-02 11:09:58 140668166133888 [Warning] Can’t create test file /home/mysql/localhost.lower-test
8月 02 11:09:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[32723]: [87B blob data]
8月 02 11:09:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[32723]: 2021-08-02 11:09:58 140668166133888 [ERROR] Aborting
8月 02 11:09:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
8月 02 11:09:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start MariaDB 10.2.39 database server.
8月 02 11:09:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit mariadb.service entered failed state.
8月 02 11:09:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service failed.

    根据“Can't create test file /home/mysql/localhost.lower-test”报错信息，度娘了下修改

[root@localhost mysql]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service

**找到 ProtectHome=true
改为：
ProtectHome=false

  保存后，再执行相关命令：

复制代码

[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mariadb
Job for mariadb.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See “systemctl status mariadb.service” and “journalctl -xe” for details.
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mairadb
● mairadb.service
Loaded: not-found (Reason: No such file or directory)
Active: inactive (dead)
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mariadb
● mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.2.39 database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d
└─migrated-from-my.cnf-settings.conf
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 一 2021-08-02 11:29:58 CST; 36s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
Process: 33332 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld $MYSQLD_OPTS --basedir=/usr $_WSREP_NEW_CLUSTER $_WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Process: 33314 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c [ ! -e /usr/bin/galera_recovery ] && VAR= || VAR=cd /usr/bin/..; /usr/bin/galera_recovery; [ KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 13: ? -eq 0 ] &̲& systemctl set…VAR || exit 1 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 33309 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c systemctl unset-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 33332 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Status: “MariaDB server is down”

8月 02 11:29:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[33332]: 2021-08-02 11:29:58 140384851544192 [ERROR] Plugin ‘Aria’ registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
8月 02 11:29:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[33332]: 2021-08-02 11:29:58 140384851544192 [Note] Plugin ‘FEEDBACK’ is disabled.
8月 02 11:29:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[33332]: 2021-08-02 11:29:58 140384851544192 [ERROR] Could not open mysql.plugin table. Some plugins may be not loaded
8月 02 11:29:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[33332]: 2021-08-02 11:29:58 140384851544192 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
8月 02 11:29:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[33332]: 2021-08-02 11:29:58 140384851544192 [ERROR] Aborting
8月 02 11:29:58 localhost.localdomain mysqld[33332]: Warning: Memory not freed: 520
8月 02 11:29:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
8月 02 11:29:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start MariaDB 10.2.39 database server.
8月 02 11:29:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit mariadb.service entered failed state.
8月 02 11:29:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mariadb.service failed.

  修改setenforce状态，临时值是 0或者直接禁用后再试试，成功了

[root@localhost mysql]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mariadb
启动后在切换SElinux 模式
[root@localhost mysql]# setenforce 1