Alien's Organ ZOJ - 3696（概率论）

 There’s an alien whose name is Marjar. It is an universal solder came from planet Highrich a long time ago.
 Marjar is a strange alien. It needs to generate new organs(body parts) to fight. The generated organs will provide power to Marjar and then it will disappear. To fight for problem of moral integrity decay on our earth, it will randomly generate new fighting organs all the time, no matter day or night, no matter rain or shine. Averagely, it will generate λ new fighting organs every day.
 Marjar’s fighting story is well known to people on earth. So can you help to calculate the possibility of that Marjar generates no more than N organs in one day?
Input
 The first line contains a single integer T (0 ≤ T ≤ 10000), indicating there are T cases in total. Then the following T lines each contains one integer N (1 ≤ N ≤ 100) and one float number λ (1 ≤ λ ≤ 100), which are described in problem statement.
Output
 For each case, output the possibility described in problem statement, rounded to 3 decimal points.
Sample Input
3
5 8.000
8 5.000
2 4.910

Sample Output
0.191
0.932
0.132
题目链接
参考题解

• 题意：一个外星人产生随机数量器官，每天产生的数量的期望是x,求一天内产生个数小于等于N的概率。
• 思路：泊松分布的概率分布函数为： 泊松分布的参数λ是单位时间(或单位面积)内随机事件的平均发生率。 泊松分布适合于描述单位时间内随机事件发生的次数。 泊松分布的期望和方差均为λ。
  

#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int T;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while(T--)
    {
        double x; int n;
        scanf("%d%lf", &n, &x);
        double ans = exp(-x), fac = 1.0;
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            fac *= i;
            ans += exp(-x) * pow(x, (double)i) / fac;
        }
        printf("%.3lf\n", ans);
    }
    return 0;
}