C#-Http协议通讯（三）-HttpWebRequest

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/**
*┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
*│　描    述：Http请求工具类
*│  Get     ：像数据库的select,只是用来查询一下数据，不会修改、增加数据，不会影响资源的内容。
*│  Post    ：像数据库的insert操作一样，会创建新的内容。几乎目前所有的提交操作都是用POST请求的。
*│  Put     ：像数据库的update操作一样，用来修改数据的内容，但是不会增加数据的种类等。
*│  Delete  ：像数据库的delete操作
*│　作    者：执笔小白
*│　版    本：2.1                                   
*│　创建时间：2021-10-20 15:40:56~2023-03-25 22:42:56                            
*└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
*┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
*│　命名空间: WebserviceWcfWebAPITestTool.ASPNetCoreWebAPI_Test                             
*│　类    名：WebAPITestForm                                     
*└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
*/
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
using System.Xml;
using static System.Net.WebRequestMethods;

namespace CommonTools
{
    // 请求工具类
    // HttpWebRequest(WebRequest.Create):.NET.Framework的请求/响应模型的抽象基类，用于访问Internet数据。
    // HttpWebResponse:对http协议进行了完整的封装( Header, Content, Cookie)，与HttpWebRequest结合使用。
    public class RequestCom
    {
        #region WebAPI
        /// <summary>
        /// Get方法
        /// </summary>
        /// 例如：http://localhost:30202/api/ValuesTest/Sum?num1=1&num2=3
        /// <param name="postData">后缀（?num1=1&num2=3）</param>
        /// <param name="Url">url（http://localhost:30202/api/ValuesTest/Sum）</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetInfo(string postData, string Url)
        {
            try
            {
                byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData);
                HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url);
                webRequest.Method = "GET";

                webRequest.ContentType = "application/json; charset=utf-8";
                webRequest.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
                webRequest.Accept = "application/json, text/javascript, */*";

                HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();
                using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
                {
                    return sr.ReadToEnd(); // 返回的数据
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(ex.Message);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Post请求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">URL</param>
        /// <param name="body">application/json</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string HttpPost(string url, string body)
        {
            try
            {
                byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body);
                HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
                webRequest.Method = "POST";
                webRequest.ContentType = "application/json; charset=utf-8";
                webRequest.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
                webRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
                webRequest.Accept = "application/json, text/javascript, */*";

                HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();
                using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
                {
                    return sr.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(ex.Message);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Put请求-必有body
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">URL</param>
        /// <param name="body">application/json</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string HttpPut(string url, string body)
        {
            try
            {
                byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body);
                HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
                webRequest.Method = "PUT";
                webRequest.ContentType = "application/json";
                webRequest.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
                webRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
                webRequest.Accept = "application/json, text/javascript, */*";

                HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();
                using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
                {
                    return sr.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(ex.Message);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Delete请求-必有body
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">URL</param>
        /// <param name="body">application/json</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string HttpDelete(string url, string body)
        {
            try
            {
                byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body);
                HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
                webRequest.Method = "DELETE";
                webRequest.ContentType = "application/json";
                webRequest.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
                webRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
                webRequest.Accept = "application/json, text/javascript, */*";

                HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();
                using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
                {
                    return sr.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(ex.Message);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region WebService

        /// <summary>
        /// Set
        /// </summary>

        /// <summary>
        /// Post方法-拼接Body组方式：ReqBody参数组（Key，Value）
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">webService的URL</param>
        /// <param name="method">调用的方法</param>
        /// <param name="reqBodys">参数组合</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string WebServiceHttpPost(string URL, string Method, List<ReqBody> ReqBodys, Encoding requestCoding, int timeout = 30000)
        {
            string param = string.Empty;
            switch (ReqBodys.Count)
            {
                case 0:
                    break;
                case 1:
                    param = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(ReqBodys[0].Key) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(ReqBodys[0].Value);
                    break;
                default:
                    param = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(ReqBodys[0].Key) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(ReqBodys[0].Value);
                    for (int i = 1; i < ReqBodys.Count; i++)
                    {
                        param += "&" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(ReqBodys[i].Key) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(ReqBodys[i].Value);
                    }
                    break;
            }
            //byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(param);
            byte[] byteArray = requestCoding.GetBytes(param);

            HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + Method);
            webRequest.Method = "POST";
            webRequest.Timeout = timeout;
            // webRequest.UserAgent = "DefaultUserAgent";
            webRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";  // 浏览器默认的编码格式
            webRequest.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
            webRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);       //把参数数据写入请求数据的Stream对象

            HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();      //获得响应

            #region 只返回Response的Xml报文（Body内容）
            using (XmlTextReader reader = new XmlTextReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream()))  //获取响应流
            {
                reader.MoveToContent();
                return reader.ReadInnerXml();
            }
            #endregion 只返回Response的Xml报文（Body内容）

            #region 返回所有Xml报文
            //using(StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), requestCoding))
            //{
            //    return sr.ReadToEnd();
            //}
            #endregion 返回所有Xml报文
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Post方法-拼接xml方式
        /// 下面有示例"Post方法-拼接xml方式示例"
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">webService的URL</param>
        /// <param name="soapAction">soap方法，可为null</param>
        /// <param name="soap_Namespace">soap的命名空间</param>
        /// <param name="soap_EnvelopeXml">soap:Envelope的信息</param>
        /// <param name="soap_HeaderXml">soap:Header的信息</param>
        /// <param name="soap_BodyXml">soap:Body的信息</param>
        /// <param name="requestCoding">编码格式</param>
        /// <param name="timeout">超时</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string WebServiceHttpPost(string url, string soapAction, string soap_Namespace, string soap_EnvelopeXml, string soap_HeaderXml, string soap_BodyXml, Encoding requestCoding, int timeout = 30000)
        {
            // 确认编码
            string requestCodingStr = "UTF-8";
            switch (requestCoding)
            {
                case UTF8Encoding:
                    requestCodingStr = "UTF-8";
                    break;
                case UTF32Encoding:
                    requestCodingStr = "UTF-32";
                    break;
                case ASCIIEncoding:
                    requestCodingStr = "ASCII";
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }

            string requestXml = GetPostStr(requestCodingStr, soap_Namespace, soap_EnvelopeXml, soap_HeaderXml, soap_BodyXml);  // 拼接xml
            //byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(requestXml);
            byte[] byteArray = requestCoding.GetBytes(requestXml);

            HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(new Uri(url));
            httpWebRequest.Method = "POST";
            httpWebRequest.Timeout = timeout;
            //httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";  // 浏览器默认的编码格式
            httpWebRequest.ContentType = $"text/xml;charset={requestCodingStr}";  // xml编码格式
            if (soapAction != null)
            {
                httpWebRequest.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", soapAction);  // SOAP方法,有的需要设置(SOAP 1.1不一定需要；SOAP1.2不需要设置)
            }
            //httpWebRequest.Headers.Add("Accept-Language", "zh-cn,en-US,en;q=0.5");
            //httpWebRequest.Headers.Add("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
            //httpWebRequest.UserAgent = "DefaultUserAgent";
            httpWebRequest.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
            httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream().Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);       // 把参数数据写入请求数据的Stream对象

            // 接收返回信息
            HttpWebResponse webResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();

            #region 只返回Response的Xml报文（Body内容）
            using (XmlTextReader reader = new XmlTextReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream()))  //获取响应流
            {
                reader.MoveToContent();
                return reader.ReadInnerXml();
            }
            #endregion 只返回Response的Xml报文（Body内容）

            #region 返回所有Xml报文
            //using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), requestCoding))  // 返回Xml格式的字符串
            //{
            //    return sr.ReadToEnd();
            //}
            #endregion 返回所有Xml报文
        }

        // Post方法-拼接xml方式示例
        //private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        //{
        //    string soap_Namespace = "soap";
        //string soap_EnvelopeXml = "xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"";
        //string soap_HeaderXml = string.Empty;
        //string soap_BodyXml = " <HelloWorld xmlns=\"http://tempuri.org/\" />";
        //Encoding requestCoding = Encoding.UTF8;

        //string result = RequestCom.WebServiceHttpPost(url, soap_Namespace, soap_EnvelopeXml, soap_HeaderXml, soap_BodyXml, requestCoding);

        //textBox5.Text = result;
        //}

        /// <summary>
        /// 拼接HttpWebResponse的RequestStream
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="requestCodingStr">编码格式</param>
        /// <param name="soap_Namespace">soap的命名空间</param>
        /// <param name="soap_EnvelopeXml">soap:Envelope的信息</param>
        /// <param name="soap_HeaderXml">soap:Header的信息</param>
        /// <param name="soap_BodyXml">soap:Body的信息</param>
        private static string GetPostStr(string requestCodingStr, string soap_Namespace, string soap_EnvelopeXml, string soap_HeaderXml, string soap_BodyXml)
        {
            // 拼接参数
            string postStr = string.Empty;

            postStr = $"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"{requestCodingStr}\"?> ";
            // soap:Envelope的信息
            //<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
            //<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
            //<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"" xmlns:tip=""http://www.digiwin.com.cn/tiptop/TIPTOPServiceGateWay"">
            postStr += $"<{soap_Namespace}:Envelope " + soap_EnvelopeXml + ">";

            // soap:Header的信息
            //<soap:Header></soap:Header>
            //<soap12:Header></soap12:Header>
            //<soapenv:Header></soapenv:Header>
            postStr += $"<{soap_Namespace}:Header>" + soap_HeaderXml + $"</{soap_Namespace}:Header>";

            // soap:Body的信息
            //<soap12:Body>
            //<HelloWorld xmlns="http://tempuri.org/" />
            //</soap12:Body>
            postStr += $"<{soap_Namespace}:Body>" + soap_BodyXml + $"</{soap_Namespace}:Body>";

            postStr += $"</{soap_Namespace}:Envelope>";
            return postStr;
        }
        #endregion WebService
    }

    // 参数
    public class ReqBody
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 参数名
        /// </summary>
        public string Key { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 参数值
        /// </summary>
        public string Value { get; set; }
    }
}

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作者：꧁执笔小白꧂

原创作者: 2806933146zbxb 转载于: https://blog.51cto.com/2806933146zbxb/11627522