Java Low Level REST原来是这样操控ES的

前言

1. 本篇文章是基于elasticsearch官网对于Java Low Level REST 客户端文档的解读

初始化

下图是Plumelog的Es客户端初始化的截图，以搞明白这里面的API操作含义去了解Es客户端的初始化

1. 引入Maven依赖

   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
       <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
       <version>7.9.3</version>
   </dependency>
   

2. 初始化
   2.1 一个RestClient实例可以通过内置的RestClientBuilder类构建，通过RestClient#builder(HttpHost…)静态方法创建，唯一需要的参数是客户端将与之通信的一个或多个主机

   	RestClient restClient = RestClient.builder(
                       new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"),
                       new HttpHost("localhost", 9201, "http")).build();
   

   2.2 设置允许修改默认请求配置的回调（例如请求超时、身份验证或org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig.Builder 允许设置的任何内容）

   	RestClientBuilder builder = RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http"));
       builder.setHttpClientConfigCallback(new HttpClientConfigCallback() {
               @Override
               public HttpAsyncClientBuilder customizeHttpClient( HttpAsyncClientBuilder httpClientBuilder) {
                      return httpClientBuilder.setProxy(new HttpHost("proxy", 9000, "http"));  
               }
       });
   

执行请求

下图是PlumeLog的ES查询方法

1. 一旦RestClient被创建，请求可以通过调用发送performRequest或performRequestAsync请求
   1.1 performRequest是同步的，将阻塞调用线程并Response在请求成功时返回或在失败时抛出异常

   Request request = new Request(
                           "GET",  //HTTP方法（GET，POST，HEAD等）
                            "/");   //服务器上的端点
   Response response = restClient.performRequest(request);
   

   1.2 performAsync是异步的，并接收一个ResponseListener参数

   Request request = new Request(
   					    "GET",  
   					    "/");   
   Cancellable cancellable = restClient.performRequestAsync(request,
       new ResponseListener() {
           @Override
           public void onSuccess(Response response) {   //处理响应 }
           @Override
           public void onFailure(Exception exception) {  //处理失败 }
   });
   

2. 向请求对象添加请求参数

   request.addParameter("pretty", "true");
   

3. 将请求体设置成任意的HttpEntity

   request.setEntity(new NStringEntity(
           "{\"json\":\"text\"}",
           ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON));
   

读取响应

该Response对象包装由http客户端返回的响应对象并公开一些附加信息

Response response = restClient.performRequest(new Request("GET", "/"));
RequestLine requestLine = response.getRequestLine(); //有关已执行请求的信息
HttpHost host = response.getHost(); //返回响应的主机
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); //响应状态行，例如您可以从中检索状态代码
Header[] headers = response.getHeaders(); //响应头，也可以通过名称检索 getHeader(String)
String responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());//包含在org.apache.http.HttpEntity 对象中的响应主体