剑指offer-02-替换空格

package com.offer;

/**
 * @author kankan
 * @creater 2019-05-09 20:43
 */
public class Solution2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer("We Are Happy.");
        System.out.println(str);
        String newStr = new Solution2().replaceSpace1(str);
        String newStr1 = new Solution2().replaceSpace(str);
        System.out.println(newStr);
        System.out.println(newStr1);
    }

    private String replaceSpace1(StringBuffer str) {
        if (null == str || 0>= str.length()){
            return null;
        }
        int originLength = str.length();//字符串原长度
        int spaceCount = 0;
        char[] chars = str.toString().toCharArray();
        for (int i = 0; i < originLength; i++) {
            if (chars[i] == ' '){
                spaceCount++;
            }
        }
        int newLength = originLength + 2 * spaceCount;//替换以后的字符串长度
        char[] temp = new char[newLength];//建立一个临时数组
        int i = originLength - 1;
        int j = newLength - 1;
        while (i >= 0){
            if (chars[i] == ' '){
                temp[j] = '0';
                temp[j-1]='2';
                temp[j-2]='%';
                j=j-3;//替换成功，将索引往前移动三位
            }else{
                temp[j] = chars[i];//逐个把它指向的字符复制到临时数组中
                j = j - 1;
            }
            i=i-1;//往前移动一位
        }
        return new String(temp);
    }
    //
    private String replaceSpace(StringBuffer str) {
        if (null == str){
            return null;
        }
        //从某处开始的索引
        int fromIndex = 0;
        int index = 0;
        StringBuffer temp = new StringBuffer();
        while (index <= str.length()){
            //从指定的索引处开始，返回第一次出现的指定子字符串在该字符串中的索引
            index = str.indexOf(" ",fromIndex);
            if (index >= 0){
                //找到一个空格
                //subSequence(fromIndex,index)-返回一个新的字符序列，该字符序列是此序列的子序列
                temp.append(str.subSequence(fromIndex,index)).append("%20");
                index = index + 1;
                fromIndex = index;
            }else {
                //返回一个新的 String，它包含此序列当前所包含的字符子序列
                temp.append(str.substring(fromIndex,str.length()));//没找到就把fromIndex后的字符复制到temp
                break;
            }
        }
        return temp.toString();
    }
}