例子5：将指定文件夹备份成ZIP文件

需求：

文件夹备份成ZIP文件，不能破坏原有的文件夹结构，ZIP备份文件在同父级文件夹下，命名规则：FolderName_N.zip。

分析：

1. 创建zip文件命名规则：FolderName_N.zip -》while循环

2. 创建zip文件  -》zipfile.ZipFile()

3. 遍历目录树并添加到zip文件中  -》os.wark()

难点：

步骤3中，需要对os.walk中返回的文件夹路径做特殊处理，否则写入zip文件时，会从根文件开始。（PS：解决方法是百度出来的，还未透彻理解。）

解决方法：

fpath = root.replace(folder, '')
fpath = fpath and fpath + os.sep or ''

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# backupToZip.py  -  Copies an entire folder and its contents into a ZIP file whose filename increments.

import os
import zipfile

def zip_file(baseFolder):

    folder = os.path.abspath(baseFolder)
    # print(os.path.basename(folder))

    # 按规则命名ZIP文件
    n = 1
    while True:
        zipFileName = os.path.basename(folder) + "_" + str(n) + ".zip"
        # print(zipFileName)

        # 检查backup文件编号是否已存在，不存在跳出循环，存在继续循环
        bakPath = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(baseFolder))
        if zipFileName not in os.listdir(bakPath):
            # print(zipFileName)
            break
        n += 1

    # 创建ZIP文件
    zipFile = zipfile.ZipFile(os.path.dirname(baseFolder) + '\\' + zipFileName, mode='w')
    # print(os.path.dirname(baseFolder) + '\\' + zipFileName)

    # 遍历文件树并添加到ZIP文件中

    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(folder):
        fpath = root.replace(folder, '')
        fpath = fpath and fpath + os.sep or ''

        for filename in files:
            zipFile.write(os.path.join(root, filename), fpath + filename, compress_type=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)

    zipFile.close()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    baseFolder = "C:\\Users\cassie.yan.su\Desktop\\test\Python Files"
    zip_file(baseFolder)