pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org',

情况说明：

python安装第三方库pandas的时候，安装异常退出

报错如下：

(venv) D:\python\project>pip install pandas
Collecting pandas
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/51/99/b50cd5839e7a27d9b3ce8a29ac32eee3cf0b9581e6486e3906b71d2d461a/pandas-1.0.1-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl (9.0MB)
    0% |                                | 30kB 991bytes/s eta 2:30:10Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 360, in _error_catcher
    yield
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 442, in read
    data = self._fp.read(amt)
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_vendor\cachecontrol\filewrapper.py", line 62, in read
    data = self.__fp.read(amt)
  File "C:\Users\ZC0000\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\http\client.py", line 447, in read
    n = self.readinto(b)
  File "C:\Users\ZC0000\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\http\client.py", line 491, in readinto
    n = self.fp.readinto(b)
  File "C:\Users\ZC0000\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\socket.py", line 589, in readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
  File "C:\Users\ZC0000\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\ssl.py", line 1049, in recv_into
    return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
  File "C:\Users\ZC0000\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\ssl.py", line 908, in read
    return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
socket.timeout: The read operation timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\cli\base_command.py", line 179, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\commands\install.py", line 315, in run
    resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\resolve.py", line 131, in resolve
    self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req)
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\resolve.py", line 294, in _resolve_one
    abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\resolve.py", line 242, in _get_abstract_dist_for
    self.require_hashes
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 334, in prepare_linked_requirement
    progress_bar=self.progress_bar
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\download.py", line 878, in unpack_url
    progress_bar=progress_bar
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\download.py", line 702, in unpack_http_url
    progress_bar)
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\download.py", line 946, in _download_http_url
    _download_url(resp, link, content_file, hashes, progress_bar)
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\download.py", line 639, in _download_url
    hashes.check_against_chunks(downloaded_chunks)
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\utils\hashes.py", line 62, in check_against_chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\download.py", line 607, in written_chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\utils\ui.py", line 159, in iter
    for x in it:
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_internal\download.py", line 596, in resp_read
    decode_content=False):
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 494, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 459, in read
    raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
  File "C:\Users\ZC0000\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\contextlib.py", line 130, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "D:\python\project\venv\lib\site-packages\pip-19.0.3-py3.7.egg\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 365, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, 'Read timed out.')
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.
解决办法：

出现如上情况是网速不行，，，

需要设置下载时的超时时间，尽量设置长一点，之前我设置的‘ -default-timeout=100’，还是异常退出了，于是就把时间又加长了一点，看了下进展，貌似OK了：

等了大概四十分钟，可算下载安装好了pandas;