gateway路由
GateWay不需要使用web模块,它引入的是WebFlux(类似于SpringMVC)
新建路由项目
然后导入maven
<!--spring boot 父启动器依赖-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-commons</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--GateWay 网关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--引入webflux-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--日志依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--测试依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--lombok工具-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.4</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--引入Jaxb,开始-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-core</artifactId>
<version>2.2.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
<version>2.2.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
<version>2.2.10-b140310.1920</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
<artifactId>activation</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--引入Jaxb,结束-->
<!-- Actuator可以帮助你监控和管理Spring Boot应用-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--热部署-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!--链路追踪-->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>-->
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<!--spring cloud依赖版本管理-->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<!--编译插件-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>11</source>
<target>11</target>
<encoding>utf-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!--打包插件-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
配置文件application.yml
server:
port: 9002
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl: # eureka server的路径
defaultZone: http://EurekaServerA:8761/eureka,http://CloudEurekaServerB:8762/eureka #把 eureka 集群中的所有 url 都填写了进来,也可以只写一台,因为各个 eureka server 可以同步注册表
instance:
#使用ip注册,否则会使用主机名注册了(此处考虑到对老版本的兼容,新版本经过实验都是ip)
prefer-ip-address: true
#自定义实例显示格式,加上版本号,便于多版本管理,注意是ip-address,早期版本是ipAddress
instance-id: ${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${spring.application.name}:${server.port}:@project.version@
spring:
application:
name: cloud-gateway
cloud:
gateway:
routes: # 路由可以有多个
- id: service-autodeliver-router # 我们自定义的路由 ID,保持唯一
#uri: http://127.0.0.1:8096 # 目标服务地址 自动投递微服务(部署多实例) 动态路由:uri配置的应该是一个服务名称,而不应该是一个具体的服务实例的地址
uri: lb://service-autodeliver # gateway网关从服务注册中心获取实例信息然后负载后路由
predicates: # 断言:路由条件,Predicate 接受一个输入参数,返回一个布尔值结果。该接口包含多种默 认方法来将 Predicate 组合成其他复杂的逻辑(比如:与,或,非)。
- Path=/autodeliver/**
- id: service-resume-router # 我们自定义的路由 ID,保持唯一
#uri: http://127.0.0.1:8081 # 目标服务地址
#http://localhost:9002/resume/openstate/1545132
uri: lb://service-resume
predicates: # 断言:路由条件,Predicate 接受一个输入参数,返回一个布尔值结果。该接口包含多种默 认方法来将 Predicate 组合成其他复杂的逻辑(比如:与,或,非)。
- Path=/resume/**
创建启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class GateWayApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(GateWayApplication.class,args);
}
}
路由规则配置
按时间匹配
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: after_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates:
- After=2017-01-20T17:42:47.789-07:00[America/Denver]
- id: before_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates:
- Before=2017-01-20T17:42:47.789-07:00[America/Denver]
- id: between_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates:
- Between=2017-01-20T17:42:47.789-07:00[America/Denver], 2017-01-21T17:42:47.789-07:00[America/Denver]
指定Cookie正则匹配指定值
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: cookie_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates: #Cookie中包含chocolate=ch.p的键值对
- Cookie=chocolate, ch.p
指定Header正则匹配指定值
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: header_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates:
- Header=X-Request-Id, \d+
请求Host匹配指定值
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: host_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates:
- Host=**.somehost.org,**.anotherhost.org
请求Method匹配指定请求方式
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: method_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates:
- Method=GET,POST
请求路径正则匹配
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: path_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates:
- Path=/red/{segment},/blue/{segment}
请求包含某参数
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: query_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates:
- Query=green
请求包含某参数并且参数值匹配正则表达式
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: query_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates:
- Query=red, gree.
远程地址匹配
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: remoteaddr_route
uri: https://example.org
predicates:
- RemoteAddr=192.168.1.1/24
自定义全局过滤器
/**
* 定义全局过滤器,会对所有路由生效
*/
@Component // 让容器扫描到,等同于注册了
public class BlackListFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
// 模拟黑名单(实际可以去数据库或者redis中查询)
private static List<String> blackList = new ArrayList<>();
static {
blackList.add("0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1"); // 模拟本机地址
}
/**
* 过滤器核心方法
* @param exchange 封装了request和response对象的上下文
* @param chain 网关过滤器链(包含全局过滤器和单路由过滤器)
* @return
*/
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
// 思路:获取客户端ip,判断是否在黑名单中,在的话就拒绝访问,不在的话就放行
// 从上下文中取出request和response对象
ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
// 从request对象中获取客户端ip
String clientIp = request.getRemoteAddress().getHostString();
// 拿着clientIp去黑名单中查询,存在的话就决绝访问
if(blackList.contains(clientIp)) {
// 决绝访问,返回
response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED); // 状态码
log.debug("=====>IP:" + clientIp + " 在黑名单中,将被拒绝访问!");
String data = "Request be denied!";
DataBuffer wrap = response.bufferFactory().wrap(data.getBytes());
return response.writeWith(Mono.just(wrap));
}
// 合法请求,放行,执行后续的过滤器
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
/**
* 返回值表示当前过滤器的顺序(优先级),数值越小,优先级越高
* @return
*/
@Override
public int getOrder() {
return 0;
}
}