yum源中$releasever不能被系统识别

服务器yum操作报错

http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found

$releasever变量没有被系统识别，查看rpm -q centos-release，结果package centos-release is not installed，此包没有安装。

解决方法：

1. 修改/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo中$releasever为对应的系统版本路径，比如centos7就改为7

   如：

   [base]
   name=CentOS-7
   enabled=1
   failovermethod=priority
   baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
   gpgcheck=1
   gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
   
   [updates]
   name=CentOS-7
   enabled=1
   failovermethod=priority
   baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
   gpgcheck=1
   gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
   
   [extras]
   name=CentOS-7
   enabled=1
   failovermethod=priority
   baseurl=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
   gpgcheck=1
   gpgkey=http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
   
   

   2.安装 yum install centos-release，在/etc/yum.repos.d生成了新的源文件CentOS-Base.repo.rpmnew，修改覆盖之前的文件mv CentOS-Base.repo.rpmnew CentOS-Base.repo，$releasever就可以正常解析了。

番外：

查看系统版本命令：

lsb_release -a

vim全局替换命令:

:%s/$releaserver/7/g

:{作用范围}s/{目标}/{替换}/{替换标志}

参考：

vim https://harttle.land/2016/08/08/vim-search-in-file.html

系统版本 https://www.qiancheng.me/post/coding/show-linux-issue-version

yum https://www.jianshu.com/p/925960eaeb21