如何在OWIN中间件中捕获SecurityTokenExpiredException？

我有一个带有OWIN的Web API，它使用JwtBearerAuthenticationOptions (.Net Framework4.5.2)来验证身份验证令牌。

在遵循Rui Figueiredo的this excellent article以便向API添加刷新令牌功能时，我似乎在OWIN中没有JwtBearerEvents。例如，这段代码适用于我在ASP.NET核心中(在ConfigureServices中)：

services.AddAuthentication(x =>
{
    x.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
    x.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
})
.AddJwtBearer(x =>
{
    x.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
    x.SaveToken = true;
    x.TokenValidationParameters = GetDefaultValidationParameters();
    x.Events = new JwtBearerEvents
    {
        OnAuthenticationFailed = context =>
        {
            if (context.Exception.GetType() == typeof(SecurityTokenExpiredException))
            {
                context.Response.Headers.Add("Token-Expired", "true");
            }
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }
    };
});

似乎不能掌握如何使用OWIN管道来实现同样的效果。我尝试过的是在ConfigureAuth中插入一个中间件：

private static void ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder pApp)
{
    pApp.Use(async (context, next) =>
    {
        try
        {
            await next.Invoke();
        }
        catch (SecurityTokenExpiredException)
        {
            context.Response.Headers.Add("Token - Expired", new[] { "true" });
            throw;
        }
    });
    var issuer = "issuer";
    var audience = "all";
    var key = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("MySecretKey");
    pApp.UseJwtBearerAuthentication(
        new JwtBearerAuthenticationOptions
        {
            AuthenticationMode = Microsoft.Owin.Security.AuthenticationMode.Active,
            AllowedAudiences = new[] { audience },
            IssuerSecurityKeyProviders = new IIssuerSecurityKeyProvider[]
            {
                new SymmetricKeyIssuerSecurityKeyProvider(issuer, key)
            },
            TokenValidationParameters = tokenValidationParameters,
            TokenHandler = new CustomJWTTokenHandler()
        });
}

变更为：
基本控制器中添加了一个自定义授权属性，即：

public class CustomAuthorization : AuthorizeAttribute
{
    protected override void HandleUnauthorizedRequest(HttpActionContext actionContext)
    {
        base.HandleUnauthorizedRequest(actionContext);
        var ctx = actionContext;
        var token = ctx.Request.Headers.Authorization.Parameter;
        var handler = new CustomJWTTokenHandler();
        if (ctx.Response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized && handler.TokenHasExpired(token))
        {
            ctx.Response.Headers.Add("Token-Expired", "true");
        }
    }
}

并在我的CustomJWTTokenHandler类中实现了一个过期检查，如下所示：

public bool TokenHasExpired(string tokenString)
{
    var token = ReadToken(tokenString);
    var hasExpired = token.ValidTo < DateTime.UtcNow;
    return hasExpired;
}