最常见数据结构实现

最常见数据结构

1.栈(先进后出,后进先出)

在这里插入图片描述

   package stack;
    
    public class Mystack {
        private long[] arr;
        private int top;
    
        public Mystack(){
            arr = new long [10];
            top = -1;
        }
        public Mystack(int maxSize){
            arr = new long[maxSize];
            top = -1;
        }
    
        public void push(int value){
            arr[++top] = value;
        }
        
        public long pop(){
            return arr[top--];
        }
    
        public long peek(){
            return arr[top];
        }
    
        public boolean isEmpty(){
            return top==-1;
        }
        public boolean isFull(){
            return top == arr.length-1;
        }
    }
2.队列(先进先出)

在这里插入图片描述

package Queue;

public class MyQueue {
    private long[]arr;
    private int elements;//有效数据大小

    private int front;//队头
    private int end;//队尾

    public MyQueue(){
        arr = new long[10];
        elements = 0;
        front = 0;
        end = -1;
    }

    public MyQueue(int maxSize){
        arr = new long[maxSize];
        elements = 0;
        front = 0;
        end = -1;
    }

    //从队尾插入
    public void insert(long value){
        arr[++end] = value;
        elements++;
    }

    public long remove() {
        elements--;
        return arr[front++];
    }

    /**
     * 查看数据,从队头查看
     */
    public long peek() {
        return arr[front];
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否为空
     */
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return elements == 0;
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否满了
     */
    public boolean isFull() {
        return elements == arr.length;
    }
}

3.循环队列(先进先出)

在这里插入图片描述


package Queue;

public class MyCycleQueue {
    private long[]arr;
    private int elements;//有效数据大小

    private int front;//队头
    private int end;//队尾

    public MyCycleQueue(){
        arr = new long[10];
        elements = 0;
        front = 0;
        end = -1;
    }

    public MyCycleQueue(int maxSize){
        arr = new long[maxSize];
        elements = 0;
        front = 0;
        end = -1;
    }

    //从队尾插入
    public void insert(long value){
        if(end == arr.length -1){
            end = -1;
        }
        arr[++end] = value;
        elements++;
    }

    public long remove() {
        long value = arr[front++];
        elements--;
        if(front == arr.length){
            front = 0;
        }
        return value;
    }

    /**
     * 查看数据,从队头查看
     */
    public long peek() {
        return arr[front];
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否为空
     */
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return elements == 0;
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否满了
     */
    public boolean isFull() {
        return elements == arr.length;
    }
}
4.链表

在这里插入图片描述

节点Node

package LinkList;

public class Node {
    public long data;//数据域
    public Node next;//指针域

    public Node(long value){
        this.data = value;
    }

    public void display(){
        System.out.print(data+"");
    }
}
链表LinkList

package LinkList;

public class LinkList {
    /**
     * 链表
     */
    //头节点
    private Node first;

    public LinkList(){
        first = null;//可以不做,编译器默认为null
    }

    /**
     *
     * 插入节点,在头节点插入
     */
    public void insertFirst(long value){
        Node node = new Node(value);
        node.next = first;
        first = node;
    }

    /**
     * 删除一个结点,在头结点后进行删除
     */
    public Node deleteFirst() {
        Node tmp = first;
        first = tmp.next;
        return tmp;
    }

    /**
     * 显示方法
     */
    public void display() {
        Node current = first;
        while (current != null) {
            current.display();
            current = current.next;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 查找方法
     */
    public Node find(long value){
        Node current = first;
        while(current.data != value){
            if(current.next == null){
                return null;
            }
            current = current.next;
        }
        return current;
    }

    public Node delete(long value){
        Node current = first;
        Node previous = first;
        while (current.data!=value){
            if(current.next == null){
                return null;
            }
            previous = current;
            current = current.next;
        }
        //找到了
        if(current == first){
            first = first.next;
        }
        else{
            previous.next = current.next;
        }
        return current;
    }
}

5.双向链表

在这里插入图片描述

package LinkList.doublyLinklist;
public class Node {
    public long data;//数据域
    public Node next;//后一个node
    public Node previous;//前一个node
    public Node(){}
    public Node(long value){
        this.data = value;
    }
    public void display(){
        System.out.print(data+"");
    }
}

package LinkList.doublyLinklist;
public class Node {
    public long data;//数据域
    public Node next;//后一个node
    public Node previous;//前一个node
    public Node(){}
    public Node(long value){
        this.data = value;
    }
    public void display(){
        System.out.print(data+"");
    }
}


package LinkList.doublyLinklist;

public class LinkList {
    private Node head;//头节点
    private Node tail;//尾节点

    public Node getHead() {
        return head;
    }

    public void setHead(Node head) {
        this.head = head;
    }

    public Node getTail() {
        return tail;
    }

    public void setTail(Node tail) {
        this.tail = tail;
    }

    public LinkList(){
        head = null;
        tail = null;
    }

    //插入一个节点,在头节点插入

    public void insert(long value){
        Node node = new Node(value);
        if(isEmpty()){
            head = node;
            tail = node;
            head.next = null;
            head.previous = null;
        }
        else{
            head.next = node;
            node.previous = head;
            head = node;
            head.next = null;
        }
    }
    //从头部删除
    public Node delete(){
        Node node = new Node();
        if(head.next == null && head.previous ==null){
            head = null;
            tail = null;
            return null;
        }
        else {
            node = head;
            head = head.previous;
            head.next.previous =null;
            head.next = null;
            return node;
        }
    }
    public boolean isEmpty(){
        return (head == null);
    }
    public void display() {
        if (!isEmpty()) {
            head = tail;
            if (head.next == null && head.previous == null) {
                System.out.println(head.data);
            }else {
                while (head != null) {
                    System.out.print(head.data + " ");
                    if(head.next!=null)
                    head = head.next;
                    else break;
                }
            }
        } else {
            System.out.println("empty");
        }
    }
}
6.循环链表

在这里插入图片描述
循环链表是将普通链表的头节点的后续指针指向尾,把尾节点的前驱指针指向头节点。

7.双向循环链表

在这里插入图片描述
双向循环链表是将双向链表的头节点的后续指针指向尾,把尾节点的前驱指针指向头节点。

8.二叉树

背景:有序数组插入数据项和删除数据项太慢,链表查询速度太慢
树中能非常快速的查找数据项、插入数据项跟删除数据项

前序遍历:

1.访问根节点
2.前序遍历左子树
3.前序遍历右子树

/**
 *  前(先)序遍历
 */
public void preOrder(Node node){
    if(node != null) {
        System.out.print(node.getData()+" ");
        preOrder(node.getLeftChild());
        preOrder(node.getRightChild());
    }
}
中序遍历:

1.中序遍历左子树
2.访问根节点
3.前序遍历右子树

/**
 * 中序遍历
 */

public void inOrder(Node node){
    if(node != null) {
        inOrder(node.getLeftChild());
        System.out.print(node.getData()+" ");
        inOrder(node.getRightChild());

    }
}
后序遍历:

1.后序遍历左子树
2.后序遍历右子树
3.访问根节点

/**
 * 后续遍历
 */
public void postOrder(Node node){
    if(node != null) {
        postOrder(node.getLeftChild());
        postOrder(node.getRightChild());
        System.out.print(node.getData()+" ");
    }

}

二叉树的基本构造以及其操作

节点构造:
package tree.binaryTree;

public class Node {
    private int data;
    private Node leftChild;//左子节点
    private Node rightChild;//右子节点

    public int getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(int data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public Node getLeftChild() {
        return leftChild;
    }

    public void setLeftChild(Node leftChild) {
        this.leftChild = leftChild;
    }

    public Node getRightChild() {
        return rightChild;
    }

    public void setRightChild(Node rightChild) {
        this.rightChild = rightChild;
    }

    public Node(int data) {
        this.data = data;

    }

    public Node() {

    }
}
二叉树构造:
public class BinaryTree {
    private Node root;//根节点

    public Node getRoot() {
        return root;
    }

    public void setRoot(Node root) {
        this.root = root;
    }
  }
插入二叉树的节点:原则:左边比右边小
public void insert(int value){//构造二叉搜索树,二叉排序树,
    Node newNode = new Node(value);
    Node parent;
    Node current = root;
    if (current == null){
        root = newNode;
        return;
    }
    else{
        while (true){
            parent = current;
            if(current.getData() >= value){
                if(current.getLeftChild() != null){
                    current = current.getLeftChild();
                }
                else {
                    current.setLeftChild(newNode);
                    return;
                }
            }
            else {
                if(current.getRightChild() != null){
                    current = current.getRightChild();
                }
                else {
                    current.setRightChild(newNode);
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
查找节点
public Node find(int value){
    Node current = root;
    while (current.getData()!= value){
        if (current.getData()>value){
            current = current.getLeftChild();
        }
        else{
            current = current.getRightChild();
        }
        if (current == null){
            return null;
        }
    }
    return current;
}
删除二叉树的节点:

1.该节点是叶子节点
只需要改变该节点父节点的引用值,设置其为null就行了
2.该节点有一个子节点
改变父节点的引用,将其直接指向要删除节点的子节点
3.该节点有两个子节点
需要使用他的中序后继来替代该节点。

中序后继:该节点的右子树节点的左子树的左子树的左子树的最后一个左节点,如果该节点只有一个右节点,则为该右节点

public void delete(int value){
    Node current = root;
    Node parent = root;
    while (current.getData()!= value){
        if (current.getData()>value){
            parent = current;
            current = current.getLeftChild();
        }
        else{
            parent = current;
            current = current.getRightChild();
        }
        if (current == null){
            System.out.println("该节点不存在,无法删除");
        }
    }
    //叶子节点
    if(current.getLeftChild()==null && current.getRightChild() == null){
        if (current == parent.getLeftChild()){
            parent.setLeftChild(null);
        }
        else{
            parent.setRightChild(null);
        }
    }
    //该节点右节点为空,左节点不为空
    else if(current.getLeftChild()!=null&&current.getRightChild() == null){
        if(current == parent.getLeftChild()){
            parent.setLeftChild(current.getLeftChild());
            current.setLeftChild(null);
        }
        else{
            parent.setRightChild(current.getLeftChild());
            current.setLeftChild(null);
        }
    }
    //该节点左节点为空,右节点不为空
    else if (current.getLeftChild()==null&& current.getRightChild()!=null){
        if(current == parent.getLeftChild()){
            parent.setLeftChild(current.getRightChild());
            current.setRightChild(null);
        }
        else{
            parent.setRightChild(current.getRightChild());
            current.setRightChild(null);
        }
    }
    //该节点左右节点均不为空
    else{
        if(current.getRightChild().getLeftChild() == null){
            if (current == parent.getLeftChild()){
                parent.setLeftChild(current.getRightChild());
            }
            else{
                parent.setRightChild(current.getRightChild());
            }
            current.getRightChild().setLeftChild(current.getLeftChild());
        }
        else{
            Node node = current.getRightChild();
            Node node1 = node;
           while (node.getLeftChild() != null){
               node1 = node;
               node = node.getLeftChild();
           }
           if (parent.getRightChild() == current){
               parent.setRightChild(node);

           }
           else{
               parent.setLeftChild(node);
           }
           node1.setLeftChild(node.getRightChild());
           node.setLeftChild(current.getLeftChild());
           node.setRightChild(current.getRightChild());
        }
    }
}
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