前两节 “从内存中读取数据” “将数据输出到内存”
转载自博客https://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020/article/details/12980423/
从内存中读取数据
ffmpeg一般情况下支持打开一个本地文件，例如“C:\test.avi”
或者是一个流媒体协议的URL，例如“rtmp://222.31.64.208/vod/test.flv”
其打开文件的函数是avformat_open_input()，直接将文件路径或者流媒体URL的字符串传递给该函数就可以了。
但其是否支持从内存中读取数据呢？这个问题困扰了我很长时间。当时在做项目的时候，通过Winpcap抓取网络上的RTP包，打算直接送给ffmpeg进行解码。一直没能找到合适的方法。因为抓取的数据包是存在内存中的，所以无法传递给avformat_open_input()函数其路径（根本没有路径= =）。当然也可以将抓取的数据报存成文件，然后用ffmpeg打开这个文件，但是这样的话，程序的就太难控制了。
后来经过分析ffmpeg的源代码，发现其竟然是可以从内存中读取数据的，代码很简单，如下所示：
AVFormatContext *ic = NULL;
ic = avformat_alloc_context();
unsigned char * iobuffer=(unsigned char *)av_malloc(32768);
AVIOContext *avio =avio_alloc_context(iobuffer, 32768,0,NULL,fill_iobuffer,NULL,NULL);
ic->pb=avio;
err = avformat_open_input(&ic, "nothing", NULL, NULL);
关键要在avformat_open_input()之前初始化一个AVIOContext，而且将原本的AVFormatContext的指针pb（AVIOContext类型）指向这个自行初始化AVIOContext。当自行指定了AVIOContext之后，avformat_open_input()里面的URL参数就不起作用了。示例代码开辟了一块空间iobuffer作为AVIOContext的缓存。
fill_iobuffer则是将数据读取至iobuffer的回调函数。fill_iobuffer()形式（参数，返回值）是固定的，是一个回调函数，如下所示（只是个例子，具体怎么读取数据可以自行设计）。示例中回调函数将文件中的内容通过fread()读入内存。
//读取数据的回调函数-------------------------
//AVIOContext使用的回调函数！
//注意：返回值是读取的字节数
//手动初始化AVIOContext只需要两个东西：内容来源的buffer，和读取这个Buffer到FFmpeg中的函数
//回调函数，功能就是：把buf_size字节数据送入buf即可
//第一个参数(void *opaque)一般情况下可以不用
int fill_iobuffer(void * opaque,uint8_t *buf, int bufsize){
if(!feof(fp_open)){
int true_size=fread(buf,1,buf_size,fp_open);
return true_size;
}else{
return -1;
}
}
整体结构大致如下：
FILE *fp_open;
int fill_iobuffer(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size){
...
}
int main(){
...
fp_open=fopen("test.h264","rb+");
AVFormatContext *ic = NULL;
ic = avformat_alloc_context();
unsigned char * iobuffer=(unsigned char *)av_malloc(32768);
AVIOContext *avio =avio_alloc_context(iobuffer, 32768,0,NULL,fill_iobuffer,NULL,NULL);
ic->pb=avio;
err = avformat_open_input(&ic, "nothing", NULL, NULL);
...//解码
}
将数据输出到内存
和从内存中读取数据类似，ffmpeg也可以将处理后的数据输出到内存。
回调函数如下示例，可以将输出到内存的数据写入到文件中。
//写文件的回调函数
int write_buffer(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size){
if(!feof(fp_write)){
int true_size=fwrite(buf,1,buf_size,fp_write);
return true_size;
}else{
return -1;
}
}
主函数如下所示。
FILE *fp_write;
int write_buffer(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size){
...
}
main(){
...
fp_write=fopen("src01.h264","wb+"); //输出文件
...
AVFormatContext* ofmt_ctx=NULL;
avformat_alloc_output_context2(&ofmt_ctx, NULL, "h264", NULL);
unsigned char* outbuffer=(unsigned char*)av_malloc(32768);
AVIOContext *avio_out =avio_alloc_context(outbuffer, 32768,0,NULL,NULL,write_buffer,NULL);
ofmt_ctx->pb=avio_out;
ofmt_ctx->flags=AVFMT_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO;
...
}
从内存读取数据到ffmpeg转码
- 新建AVFormatContext容器并构建AVIOContext
AVFormatContext* _fmt_ctx = NULL;
AVIOContext *avio = NULL;
int readSize = 1152*8;
unsigned char * iobuffer = NULL;
fp_open=fopen(filename,"r");
_fmt_ctx = avformat_alloc_context();
iobuffer=(unsigned char *)av_malloc(readSize);
avio =avio_alloc_context(iobuffer, readSize,0,(void *)this,CInputCodeChn::fill_iobuffer,NULL,NULL);
//新建读取线程往iobuffer中填充数据，下面检测code应该会用到
_fmt_ctx->pb = avio;
_fmt_ctx->flags=AVFMT_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO;
ret = avformat_open_input(&_fmt_ctx, "", NULL, NULL);
if (ret < 0)
{
printf("CInputCodeChn: failed to call avformat_open_input\n");
exit(1);
}
- 编写发送接口
//从内存中读取buf数据传入长度size
int CInputCodeChn::sendAudioBuffer(char* buf, int size)
{
if((buf == NULL) && (size <= 0) )
{
return -1;
}
pPbuf = memPbuf_alloc(PBUF_RAW,size,PBUF_RAM);
if(pPbuf == NULL)
{
return -1;
}
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex_pbuf);
memcpy(pPbuf->payload,buf,size);
pPbuf->tot_len = size;
//将数据压入发送队列链表
m_rawFrameList.push_back(pPbuf);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex_pbuf);
return size;
}
新建一个线程不断地对网络流进行读取缓存将数据存储到m_rawFrameList队列中
- 在fill_iobuffer中对缓存队列进行读取并填充buf
static int fill_iobuffer(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size)
{
struct memPbuf *pStreamFrame = NULL;
CInputCodeChn *inputCodeChn = (CInputCodeChn *)opaque;
int true_size = 0;
/*if(!feof(inputCodeChn->fp_open)){
//从内部构建的缓存中去读
int true_size=fread(buf,1,buf_size,inputCodeChn->fp_open);
//usleep(10*1000);
if(true_size == 0)
{
printf("read file size = 0 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
}
return true_size;
}
else
{
return -1;
}*/
while(1){
pthread_mutex_lock(&inputCodeChn->mutex_pbuf);
if(inputCodeChn->m_rawFrameList.size() > 0)
{
pStreamFrame = (struct memPbuf *)inputCodeChn->m_rawFrameList.front();
if (NULL == pStreamFrame) {
printf( "new pStreamFrame fail\n");
} else {
inputCodeChn->m_rawFrameList.pop_front();
}
//填充buf
memcpy(buf,pStreamFrame->payload,pStreamFrame->tot_len);
true_size = pStreamFrame->tot_len;
inputCodeChn->memPbuf_free(pStreamFrame);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&inputCodeChn->mutex_pbuf);
return true_size;
}else{
pthread_mutex_unlock(&inputCodeChn->mutex_pbuf);
av_usleep(10*1000);
continue;
}
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&inputCodeChn->mutex_pbuf);
return 0;
}
- 接收解码后的数据
bool CInputCodeChn::ReciverThreadProc()
{
AVFrame* pFrame = av_frame_alloc();
AVPacket packet;
av_init_packet(&packet);
struct timeval now;
int got_sound;
while (_state == PREPARED)
{
}
while (_state == RUNNING)
{
packet.data = NULL;
packet.size = 0;
if (av_read_frame(_fmt_ctx, &packet) < 0)
{
printf("there is no context mic \n");
break;
}
if (packet.stream_index == _index_audio)
{
if (avcodec_decode_audio4(_fmt_ctx->streams[_index_audio]->codec, pFrame, &got_sound, &packet) < 0)
{
printf("fail to avcodec_decode_audio4 \n");
break;
}
av_free_packet(&packet);
if (!got_sound)
{
continue;
}
//处理解码后的数据帧pFrame
}
}
av_frame_free(&pFrame);
return true;
}
读取编码后的帧缓存发送到海思音频接口
- 构建编码器上下文
fp_open=fopen(fileName,"wb+");
ret = avformat_alloc_output_context2(&_fmt_ctx_out, NULL, "wav", NULL);
if (ret < 0)
{
printf("Mixer: failed to call avformat_alloc_output_context2\n");
return -1;
}
AVStream* stream_a = NULL;
stream_a = avformat_new_stream(_fmt_ctx_out, NULL);
if (stream_a == NULL)
{
printf("Mixer: failed to call avformat_new_stream\n");
return -1;
}
_index_a_out = 0;
stream_a->codec->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO;
codec_aac = NULL;
codec_aac = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S16LE);
if (codec_aac == NULL)
{
printf("Mixer: failed to call avcodec_find_encoder ++++\n");
return -1;
}
stream_a->codec->codec = codec_aac;
stream_a->codec->sample_rate = 44100;
stream_a->codec->channels = 1;
stream_a->codec->channel_layout = av_get_default_channel_layout(1);
stream_a->codec->sample_fmt = codec_aac->sample_fmts[0];
stream_a->codec->bit_rate = 32000;
stream_a->codec->time_base.num = 1;
stream_a->codec->time_base.den = stream_a->codec->sample_rate;
stream_a->codec->codec_tag = 0;
if (_fmt_ctx_out->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
stream_a->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
if (avcodec_open2(stream_a->codec, stream_a->codec->codec, NULL) < 0)
{
printf("Mixer: failed to call avcodec_open2\n");
return -1;
}
unsigned char* outbuffer=(unsigned char*)av_malloc(4608);
AVIOContext *avio_out =avio_alloc_context(outbuffer,4608,1,fp_open,NULL,CAmixFilter::write_buffer,NULL);
_fmt_ctx_out->pb=avio_out;
_fmt_ctx_out->flags=AVFMT_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO;
//write_buffer里发送编码后的wav数据到海思接口
/* if (!(_fmt_ctx_out->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE))
{
printf("avio_open AVFMT_NOFILE\n");
if (avio_open(&_fmt_ctx_out->pb, NULL, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE) < 0)
{
printf("Mixer: failed to call avio_open\n");
return -1;
}
}*/
printf("avio_open1 \n");
if (avformat_write_header(_fmt_ctx_out, NULL) < 0)
{
printf("Mixer: failed to call avformat_write_header\n");
return -1;
}
bool b = (!_fmt_ctx_out->streams[0]->time_base.num && _fmt_ctx_out->streams[0]->codec->time_base.num);
av_dump_format(_fmt_ctx_out, _index_a_out, NULL, 1);
- 构建write_buffer 发送函数
static int write_buffer(void *opaque, uint8_t *buf, int buf_size){
HI_S32 s32Ret;
AUDIO_STREAM_S stAudioStream;
/* FILE* fpopen = (FILE*)opaque;
if(!feof(fpopen)){
int true_size=fwrite(buf,1,buf_size,fpopen);
return true_size;
}else{
return -1;
}*/
if(buf_size > 0)
{
stAudioStream.pStream = buf;
stAudioStream.u32Len = buf_size;
//发送到海思ADEC进行播放adec->ao
s32Ret = HI_MPI_ADEC_SendStream(0, &stAudioStream, HI_TRUE);
if(HI_SUCCESS != s32Ret)
{
printf("%s: HI_MPI_ADEC_SendStream(%d) failed with %#x!\n",\
__FUNCTION__, 0, s32Ret);
return 0;
}
return buf_size;
}
}
2345
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
