spring security简单入门
这篇文章从一个小项目来入spring security
的大门。
本项目是基于maven
,spring mvc
,使用spring security
技术的一个项目。文章只是创建了一个简单的项目,没有解释,解释可参考文章spring security简单入门(二):项目解释
项目创建
首先需要创建一个项目,这里使用idea创建,步骤如下:
1、点击Create New Project
,然后选择maven,选择使用的jdk版本,勾选Create from archetype
,找到并选中org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-webapp
,点击next
2、填写GroupId为com.jet5devil,ArtifactId为spring-security-demo,这个相当与是项目名称,点击next。
填写相应的配置,next,然后看看,配置配置就行。
3、进入之后,右下角有个选项,大概的意思就是怎样导入maven依赖,是自动还是什么,这里选择自动,如图:
配置pom.xml和响应的文件
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zzh</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>ssm Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<jdk.version>1.8</jdk.version>
<spring.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
<spring.security.version>3.2.3.RELEASE</spring.security.version>
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring Security -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl for jsp page -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssm</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.20.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project
web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<!-- Spring MVC -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Loads Spring Security config file -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:spring-security.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Spring Security -->
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
项目结构
创建java目录
现在来写主要的代码
首先右击main,新建一个directory(文件夹)叫做java,然后右击java文件夹,将文件夹设置为sources root
然后创建包叫com.je5devil.controller
,里面有个HelloController.java
HelloController.java
package com.jet5devil.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
/**
* @ClassName HelloController
* @Version 1.0
* @Author jet5devil
* @Date 2020/1/16 15:47
* @Description 逻辑处理
* Modification User: jet5devil
* Modification Date: 2020/1/17
*/
@Controller
public class HelloController {
/**
* Modification User: jet5devil
* Modification Date: 2020/1/17
*
* 处理登录成功之后的请求,返回ModelAndView 对象
* @author jet5devil
* @return ModelAndView object
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/admin**", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView adminPage() {
ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();
model.addObject("title", "Spring Security Hello World");
model.addObject("message", "This is protected page!");
model.setViewName("/admin");
return model;
}
}
创建resource目录
同理,创建resource,但是这回将她设置成resource root。下面有两个.xml文件。
spring-security.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.2.xsd">
<security:http auto-config="false">
<!-- 对/admin** 的url进行拦截,只有拥有ROLE_USER权限的用户才能进入 -->
<security:intercept-url pattern="/admin**" access="ROLE_USER" />
<!--
login-page="/login.jsp" 拦截以后重定向到自定义的登录页面
authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp"登录的用户没有 ROLE_USER权限跳转的页面
default-target-url="/admin" 登录的用户有 ROLE_USER权限跳转的页面
-->
<security:form-login login-page="/login.jsp" authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp"
default-target-url="/admin" />
<!--
点击注销 跳转的页面
与 <a href="<c:url value="/logout" />" > 注销</a> 配合使用
-->
<security:logout logout-url="/logout" logout-success-url="/login.jsp" invalidate-session="true"/>
</security:http>
<security:authentication-manager>
<security:authentication-provider>
<security:user-service>
<!-- 给root 用户 配置 "ROLE_USER" 权限 -->
<security:user name="root" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER" />
</security:user-service>
</security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>
</beans>
springmvc.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.jet5devil.controller"></context:component-scan>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
视图文件
参考项目结构创建
admin.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" session="true"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>标题: ${title}</h1>
<h1>消息 : ${message}</h1>
<c:if test="${pageContext.request.userPrincipal.name != null}">
<h2>欢迎: ${pageContext.request.userPrincipal.name}
| <a href="<c:url value="/logout" />" > 注销</a></h2>
</c:if>
</body>
</html>
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>index, 项目启动 时候看到的页面</h1>
</body>
</html>
login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--j_spring_security_check是spring security 3.x默认的拦截地址--%>
<form action="j_spring_security_check" method="post">
<input type="text" name="j_username" placeholder=用户名 maxlength="11" style="border-radius: 4px; outline:none;
;width: 300px;height: 35px;text-indent: 10px"/><br/>
<input type="password" name="j_password" placeholder=密码 maxlength="11" style="border-radius: 4px; outline:none;
;width: 300px;height: 35px;text-indent: 10px"/><br/>
<input type="submit" style="width: 305px;height: 45px;background-color: orange" value="登录"
οnmοusemοve="this.style.backgroundColor='darkorange';"
οnmοuseοut="this.style.backgroundColor='orange ';"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
配置tomcat启动项目
学习security,配置tomcat是必须会的东西
展示
启动项目,默认会展示index.jsp中的信息
在浏览器中输入localhost:8080/admin将会跳转到login.jsp页面。
输入相应的信息,点击登录,则会跳转到下面这个显示界面,就表示你成功配置了。
参考文章
idea+maven + spring security +springmvc入门 (自定义登录页面),附idea如何创建web项目
(他这篇文章有些许不当地方,明天更新)
问题一:controller写成controllor
这是个小问题,就是命名问题,在他的博客中是没有问题的,他所有用到controllor的时候都是下的controllor,但是不乏有人写的是controller,所以就可能出错。
问题二:两次添加后缀
博主在springmvc.xml中已经添加了前缀/WEB-INF/pages
和后缀.jsp
,但是在HelloController.java
中方法adminPage返回的是/admin.jsp,造成两次添加后缀.jsp