qt quick 之 c++ qml 混编

 

学习了 qt quick 的 c++ 跟 qml 混编，主要学习qml 如何调用 c++ 对象类型、响应 c++的槽函数。

//TestObj.h

#ifndef TESTOBJ_H
#define TESTOBJ_H

#include <QObject>
#include<QColor>
#include<QTime>
#include<QDateTime>
#include<QTimerEvent>
class TestObj : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
    //qml要使用 c++ 枚举需要使用QENUMS来注册
    Q_ENUMS(GenerateAlgorithm)
    
    //Q_PROPERTY宏 可以 通过元对象系统访问属性，通过它定义的属性可以在qml中访问、修改；
    //也可以在属性变化的时候发射特定信号。 使用该宏必须是 QOBJECT 后裔，和使用 Q_OBJECT 宏
    /*
     * Q_PROPERTY(type name *属性 名
             (READ getFunction [WRITE setFunction *可选，声明一个设定属性的函数，他指定的属性，\
函数没有返回值，只能有一个与属性函数类型匹配的参数] |
              MEMBER memberName [(READ getFunction | WRITE setFunction)])* READ 标记，\
MEMBER 标记 ， 必须二选一 ：声明一个读取属性的函数，该函数一般没有参数，返回它定义的属性

             [RESET resetFunction]
             [NOTIFY notifySignal] *可选配置，给属性关联一个信号(该信号必须在类中声明)，当属性值发生变化就会
触发信号，信号的参数，一般就是定义的属性。
             [REVISION int]
             [DESIGNABLE bool]
             [SCRIPTABLE bool]
             [STORED bool]
             [USER bool]
             [CONSTANT]
             [FINAL])
*/
    Q_PROPERTY(QColor color READ color WRITE setColor NOTIFY colorChange)
    Q_PROPERTY(QColor timeColor READ timeColor)

public:
    explicit TestObj(QObject *parent = nullptr);

    ~TestObj();

    enum GenerateAlgorithm{
        RandomRGB,
        RandomRed,
        RandomGreen,
        RandomBlue,
        LinearIncrease
    };
//使用Q_INVOKABLE宏定义类成员函数，该方法就能被元对象系统使用
    Q_INVOKABLE GenerateAlgorithm algorithm()const;
    Q_INVOKABLE void setAlgorithm(GenerateAlgorithm algorithm);

    QColor color()const;
    void setColor(const QColor & color );
    QColor timeColor()const;

protected:
    void timerEvent(QTimerEvent * e);
private:
    GenerateAlgorithm m_algorithm;
    QColor m_currentColor;
    int m_nColorTimer;

signals:
    void colorChange(const QColor & color);
    void currenTime(const QString & strTime);
public slots:
    void start();
    void stop();
};

#endif // TESTOBJ_H

TestObj.cpp

#include "testobj.h"
#include<QtDebug>
TestObj::TestObj(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent)
  ,m_algorithm(RandomRGB)
  ,m_currentColor(Qt::black)
  ,m_nColorTimer(0)
{
    qsrand(QDateTime::currentDateTime().toTime_t());
}

TestObj::~TestObj()
{

}

TestObj::GenerateAlgorithm TestObj::algorithm() const
{
    return m_algorithm;
}

void TestObj::setAlgorithm(TestObj::GenerateAlgorithm algorithm)
{
    m_algorithm=algorithm;
}

QColor TestObj::color() const
{
    return m_currentColor;
}

void TestObj::setColor(const QColor &color)
{

    m_currentColor=color;
    emit colorChange(m_currentColor);
}

QColor TestObj::timeColor() const
{
        QTime time=QTime::currentTime();
        int r=time.hour();
        int g=time.minute()*2;
        int b=time.second()*4;
        return QColor::fromRgb(r,g,b);
}

void TestObj::timerEvent(QTimerEvent *e)
{
    if(e->timerId()==m_nColorTimer){
        switch (m_algorithm) {
        case RandomRGB:m_currentColor.setRgb(qrand()%255,qrand()%255,qrand()%255);
            break;
        case RandomRed:m_currentColor.setRed(qrand()%255);
            break;
        case RandomBlue:m_currentColor.setBlue(qrand()%255);
            break;
        case RandomGreen:m_currentColor.setGreen(qrand()%255);
            break;
        case LinearIncrease:{
            int r=m_currentColor.red()+10;
            int g=m_currentColor.green()+10;
            int b=m_currentColor.blue()+10;
            m_currentColor.setRgb(r%255,g%255,b%255);
        }
            break;
        }
        emit colorChange(m_currentColor);
        emit currenTime(QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"));
    }else {
        QObject::timerEvent(e);
    }
}

void TestObj::start()
{
    if(m_nColorTimer== 0 ){
        m_nColorTimer=startTimer(1000);
    }
}

void TestObj::stop()
{
    if(m_nColorTimer>0){
        killTimer(m_nColorTimer);
        m_nColorTimer=0;
    }
}

main.cpp

#include <QGuiApplication>
//#include <QQmlApplicationEngine>
#include<QtQuick/QQuickView>
#include<QtQml>
#include"testobj.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
 //   QCoreApplication::setAttribute(Qt::AA_EnableHighDpiScaling);

    QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);

    //注册qml可用类型 qmlRegisterSingletonType() 注册单例类型 qmlRegisterType()非单例

    /* template<typename T>
  int qmlRegisterType(const char *uri, int versionMajor, int versionMinor, const char *qmlName);
  uri 包名 1 ， 0 分别是版本versionMajor|versionMinor ，qmlname 是qml中要使用的类名。
*/
    qmlRegisterType<TestObj>("he.TestObj.Color",1,0,"TestObj");

    QQuickView viewer;
    viewer.rootContext()->setContextProperty("rootv",&viewer);
    viewer.setResizeMode(QQuickView::SizeRootObjectToView);
    viewer.setSource(QUrl("qrc:///main.qml"));
    viewer.show();

//    QQmlApplicationEngine engine;
//    const QUrl url(QStringLiteral("qrc:/main.qml"));
//    QObject::connect(&engine, &QQmlApplicationEngine::objectCreated,
//                     &app, [url](QObject *obj, const QUrl &objUrl) {
//        if (!obj && url == objUrl)
//            QCoreApplication::exit(-1);
//    }, Qt::QueuedConnection);
//    engine.load(url);

    return app.exec();
}

main.qml

import QtQuick 2.12
import QtQuick.Controls 2.0
//将c++类型导入
import he.TestObj.Color 1.0

Rectangle {
    width: 360;
    height: 360;

    Text {
        id: ttext;
        anchors.left: parent.left;
        anchors.leftMargin: 4;
        anchors.top: parent.top;
        anchors.topMargin: 4;
        font.pixelSize: 32;
    }
    //c++对象
    TestObj{
        id:testObj;
        color:Qt.green;
    }
    Rectangle{
        id:colorRect;
        anchors.centerIn: parent;
        width: 150;
        height: 150;
        color: "blue";
    }
    Button{
        id:start;
        text: "Start";
        anchors.left: parent.left;
        anchors.leftMargin: 4;
        anchors.bottom: parent.bottom;
        anchors.bottomMargin: 4;
        onClicked: {
            //c++的槽函数响应
           testObj.start();
        }

    }
    Button{
        id:stop;
        text:"Stop";
        anchors.left: start.right;
        anchors.leftMargin: 4;
        anchors.bottom: start.bottom;

        onClicked: {
                //c++的槽函数响应
            testObj.stop();
        }
    }

    function changeAlgorithm(button,algorithm){
        switch(algorithm){
        case 0:
            button.text="RandomRGB";
            break;
        case 1:
            button.text="RandomRed";
            break;
        case 2:
            button.text="RandomBlue";
            break;
        case 3:
            button.text="RandomGreen";
            break;
        case 4:
            button.text="LinearIncrease";
            break;
        }
    }
    Button{
        id:colorAlgorithm;
        text: "RandomRGB";
        anchors.left: stop.right;
        anchors.leftMargin: 4;
        anchors.bottom: start.bottom;

        onClicked: {
            //使用到了 Q_INVOKABLE宏 定义的两个函数
            var algorithm=(testObj.algorithm()+1)%5;
            changeAlgorithm(colorAlgorithm,algorithm);
            testObj.setAlgorithm(algorithm);
        }
    }

    Button{
        id:quit;
        text: "quit";
        anchors.left: colorAlgorithm.right;
        anchors.leftMargin: 4;
        anchors.bottom: start.bottom;
        //anchors.bottomMargin: 4;
        onClicked: {
            rootv.close();
        }
    }
    Component.onCompleted: {
        testObj.color=Qt.rgba(0,180,120,125);
        testObj.setAlgorithm(testObj.LinearIncrease);
        changeAlgorithm(colorAlgorithm,testObj.algorithm());
    }
//响应testObj的 两个signal 
    Connections{
        target: testObj;
        onCurrenTime:{
            ttext.text=strTime;
            //Q_PROPERTY 宏定义函数  Q_PROPERTY(QColor timeColor READ timeColor)
            ttext.color=testObj.timeColor;
        }
    }
    Connections{
        target: testObj;
        onColorChange:{
            //Q_PROPERTY 宏定义函数 Q_PROPERTY(QColor color READ color WRITE setColor NOTIFY colorChange)
            colorRect.color=color;
        }
    }

   // title: qsTr("Hello World")
}

 

 

github地址：https://github.com/dd-ping/learnqt/tree/main