【spring】第八课 基于注解装配Bean

认识：

• 注解就是一个类，例如：@Component
• 开发时，可用注解替代xml或并用

1. @component取代的是<bean class="">

2. web开发中，三个常见注解

• @Repository ：dao层
• @Service：service层
•  @Controller：web层

3.依赖注入，给私有字段设置，也可以给setter方法设置

       普通值：@Value("")

       引用值：

              方式1：按照【类型】注入

                     @Autowired

              方式2：按照【名称】注入1

                     @Autowired

                     @Qualifier("名称")

              方式3：按照【名称】注入2

                     @Resource("名称")

实例类：

public class TestSetter {
	@Test
	public void demo1() {
		String xmlPath = "f_setter_annotation/beans.xml";
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
		StudentAction studentAction = (StudentAction) applicationContext.getBean("studentActionId");
		
		studentAction.execute();
	}
}

 其中studentActionId来自studentAction类（Web层）

@Controller("studentActionId")
public class StudentAction {

	@Autowired
	private StudentService studentService;
	
	public void execute() {
		studentService.addStudent();
	}
	
}

studentService接口的实现类如下：（service层）

@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
	
	private StudentDao studentDao;
	
	@Autowired
	@Qualifier("studentDaoId")
	public void setStudentDao(StudentDao studentDao) {
		this.studentDao = studentDao;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void addStudent() {
		studentDao.save();
	}
}

 studentDaoId来自studentDaoImpl类（dao层）

@Repository("studentDaoId")
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {

	@Override
	public void save() {
		System.out.println("dao");
	}
}

 spring配置（以下配置相同）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       					   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       					   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       					   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
	
	<context:component-scan base-package="e_cycle"></context:component-scan>
</beans>

4.生命周期

       初始化：@PostConstruct

       销毁：@PreDestroy

@Controller("userServiceId")
public class UserServiceTmpl implements UserService{
	
	@Override
	public void addUser() {
		System.out.println("d_scope add user");
	}
	
	@PostConstruct
	public void myInit() {
		System.out.println("初始化");
	}
	
	@PreDestroy
	public void myDestroy() {
		System.out.println("销毁");
	}
}

5.作用域

       @Scope("prototype") 多例

@Service("userServiceId")
@Scope("prototype")
public class UserServiceTmpl implements UserService{
	
	@Override
	public void addUser() {
		System.out.println("d_scope add user");
	}
}

 

（以下没尝试过，有兴趣可以自己找找博客）