Centos8 下nginx 安装与代理docker部署的Vue项目+常见错误排错

目录

一、安装Centos8下安装Nginx

二、yum 安装的Nginx 默认文件位置

三、docker 部署Vue前段代码，做proxy示例（http）

四、配置nginx.conf 与解决问题

 

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一、安装Centos8下安装Nginx

sudo yum -y install nginx

sudo systemctl start nginx

ps -ef | grep nginx

查看默认安装位置

 设置nginx开机自启动

systemctl enable nginx.service

 设置防火墙

允许http通信

sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http

允许https通信

sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=https

重启防火墙

sudo firewall-cmd --reload

二、yum 安装的Nginx 默认文件位置

/usr/sbin/nginx
/etc/nginx

其中/etc/nginx下配置有nginx.conf

常用配置nginx.conf

# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
 server {
        listen       port;
        server_name  ip;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location ^~ /api/ {
	    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
            add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods *;
            add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers *;
            add_header Access-Control-Request-Headers *;
            proxy_pass ip:port;
        }
        location ^~ /connect/ {
	    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
            add_header Access-Control-Allow-Credentials 'true';
            add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods *;
            add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers *;
            add_header Access-Control-Request-Headers *;
            proxy_pass ip:port;
        }
        location / {
            proxy_pass ip:port;
        }

        error_page 404 /404.html;
            location = /40x.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
        }
    }


}

访问日志与报错日志配置在/var/log/nginx

三、docker 部署Vue前段代码，做proxy示例（http）

1.将npm run build 后的dist文件夹上传至服务器/home下

2./home目录下编写dockerfile

# 设置基础镜像
FROM nginx
# 定义作者
MAINTAINER xxx
# 将dist文件中的内容复制到 /usr/share/nginx/html/ 这个目录下面
COPY dist/  /usr/share/nginx/html/
RUN echo 'echo init ok!!'

3.制作镜像

docker build -t demo_vue:v1 .

4.启动容器

docker run -d -p 8001:80 --name demovue demovue:v1

5.查看容器状态

docker ps -a

6 .如果容器关闭，查看日志

docker logs [容器名] --tail -行数

7.访问前端页面

8.访问不了页面，配置防火墙开启端口，记得重启防火墙

四、配置nginx.conf 与解决问题

1.配置nginx.conf向上查看默认配置部分nginx.conf中的server配置，配置listen与location，重启nginx

 

2.开放listen配置的端口

（1）查看对外开放的端口状态
查询已开放的端口 netstat -anp
查询指定端口是否已开 firewall-cmd --query-port=666/tcp
提示 yes，表示开启；no表示未开启。

（2）添加指定需要开放的端口：
firewall-cmd --add-port=123/tcp --permanent

（3）重启防火墙
查看防火墙状态 systemctl status firewalld
开启防火墙 systemctl start firewalld  
关闭防火墙 systemctl stop firewalld
开启防火墙 service firewalld start 
若遇到无法开启
先用：systemctl unmask firewalld.service 
然后：systemctl start firewalld.service

3.如果启动nginx出现

Failed to parse PID from file /run/nginx.pid: Invalid argument

因为nginx读取出现错误，执行下列命令

 mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/nginx.service.d
 printf "[Service]\nExecStartPost=/bin/sleep 0.1\n" >/etc/systemd/system/nginx.service.d /override.conf
 systemctl daemon-reload
 systemctl restart nginx.service
 service nginx status

4.Nginx 启动报 [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:XXXX failed (13: Permission denied)

原因是1024以下端口启动时需要root权限，所以sudo nginx即可。

第二种：端口大于1024的情况：

这种情况，需要如下操作：

首先，查看http允许访问的端口：

semanage port -l | grep http_port_t

[root@localhost home]# ​semanage  port -l | grep http_port_t
http_port_t                    tcp      8833, 44378, 8001, 8822, 80, 81, 443, 488, 8008, 8009, 8443, 9000
pegasus_http_port_t            tcp      5988

其次，将要启动的端口加入到如上端口列表中

semanage port -a -t http_port_t  -p tcp 8833

5.nginx配置报错：connect() to 127.0.0.1:8080 failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream

因为服务器上用的是http，所以需要加上下面一段代码

setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1

6.nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)

端口被占用，可能是因为多次重启nginx，错误导致进程没结束

ps -A | grep nginx
kill -9 pidxxx