基类和继承

///15_3 运算符重载\\\gy%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

class quote
{
public:
	quote() = default;
	quote(string _bookNo, double _price) :bookNo(_bookNo),price(_price) {};
	string isbn() { return bookNo; }
	virtual double fin_price(size_t n)
	{
		return n*price;
	};
protected:
	 double price;
private:
	string bookNo;
};
//派生类可以访问基类的共有和受保护成员：受保护成员其他类不能访问，只有基类的派生类能访问
//派生类的作用域嵌套在基类的作用域内
class bulk_quote:public  quote
{
public:
	bulk_quote() = default;
	bulk_quote(string _bookNo, double _price, size_t _min_n,double _sales):
		       quote(_bookNo, _price) ,min_n(_min_n),sales(_sales) {};
	//price是基类有的成员数据，在继承类中还要传递参数吗？还是只初始化基类中新定义的成员数据?
	//答：基类中的成员在基类中初始化，在派生类中quote(_bookNo, _price)
	double fin_price(size_t n) override;//override的话形参列表要与基类的一样，否则可以不一样
	//继承类的fin_price函数的参数列表和基类中fin_price的参数列表一样，怎样判断调用基类的还是继承类的fin_price？：看主函数
private:
	size_t min_n;
	double sales;
};
double bulk_quote::fin_price(size_t _n)
{
	size_t n = _n;
	if (n>=min_n)
	{
		return n*price*sales;
	}
	else
	{
		return n*price;
	}
}
void main()
{
	string s_quote = "ta";
	string s_bulk_quote ="wo";
	quote my_quote(s_quote,19);
	bulk_quote my_bulk_quote(s_bulk_quote,20,10,0.5);
	cout << my_quote.isbn() << endl;
	cout << my_bulk_quote.isbn() << endl;//继承基类
	cout << my_quote.fin_price(15) << endl;//调用基类
	cout << my_bulk_quote.fin_price(15) << endl;//调用继承类
	system("pause");
}

防止继承发生时，在定义类名时，类明后加final:

class NoDerived final  {/*   */};