[python函数学习]机器学习实战 - 手写数字识别的测试代码

[python函数学习]机器学习实战 - 手写数字识别的测试代码

from numpy import *
import operator #运算符模块 可执行排序操作
from os import listdir
# 将图像转换为向量 img to vector
def img2vector(filename): 
    returnVect = zeros((1, 1024))  #一维 1024个0  二维图形存储为一维数据 失去结构化信息
    fr = open(filename)
    for i in range(32):
        lineStr = fr.readline()
        for j in range(32):
            returnVect[0, 32*i+j] = int(lineStr[j])
    return returnVect
# 测试代码
def handwritingClassTest():
    hwLabels = []
    pathTrain = "E:\\machine Learning in Action\\machinelearninginaction\\Ch02\\digits\\trainingDigits"
    trainingFileList = listdir(pathTrain) # 返回目录下文件名列表
    m = len(trainingFileList) # 文件个数
    trainingMat = zeros((m, 1024))
    for i in range(m):
        fileNameStr = trainingFileList[i]
        fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0] # 以 . 为分隔符，将数据分为两列 只取第一列数据，即删除后缀.txt
        classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0]) # 取0-9分类
        hwLabels.append(classNumStr)
        trainingMat[i, : ] = img2vector(pathTrain + '/' + fileNameStr) # img to vector
    # 测试集
    pathTest = "E:\\machine Learning in Action\\machinelearninginaction\\Ch02\\digits\\testDigits"
    testFileList = listdir(pathTest)
    errorCount = 0.0
    mTest = len(testFileList)
    for i in range(mTest):
        fileNameStr = testFileList[i]
        fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0]  # 以 . 为分隔符，将数据分为两列 只取第一列数据，即删除后缀.txt
        classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0]) # 取0-9分类
        vectorUnderTest = img2vector(pathTest + '/' + fileNameStr) #img to vector
        classifierResult = classify0(vectorUnderTest, trainingMat, hwLabels, 3)  # 计算欧式距离 选择距离最小的3个点
        print("the classifier came back with: %d, the real answer is: %d" % (classifierResult, classNumStr))
        if(classifierResult != classNumStr): errorCount += 1.0
    print("\nthe total number of errors is: %d" % errorCount)
    print("\nthe total error rate is: %f" % (errorCount/float(mTest)))

os.listdir(path)

返回指定路径下的文件和文件夹列表
path – 是目录路径
eg：

from os import listdir
# 打开文件
path = ""
dirs = os.listdir(path)
# 输出所有文件和文件夹
for file in dirs
	print file

输出结果：
test.htm
stamp
faq.htm
_vti_txt
robots.txt
itemlisting
resumelisting
writing_effective_resume.htm
advertisebusiness.htm
papers
resume