依据阮一峰教程
解构
只要等号两边模式相同,即可赋值
Set结构,也可以解构赋值(具有Iterrator接口)
let [foo, [[bar], baz]] = [1, [[2], 3]];
foo // 1
bar // 2
baz // 3
let [ , , third] = ["foo", "bar", "baz"];
third // "baz"
let [x, , y] = [1, 2, 3];
x // 1
y // 3
let [head, ...tail] = [1, 2, 3, 4];
head // 1
tail // [2, 3, 4]
let [x, y, ...z] = ['a'];
x // "a"
y // undefined
z // []
let [x,y,z] = new Set(['a','b','c'])
默认值let [foo = true] = [];
foo // true
let [x, y = 'b'] = ['a']; // x='a', y='b'
let [x, y = 'b'] = ['a', undefined]; // x='a', y='b'
对象的结构赋值
和数组的不同在于排序是没有次序的,变量和属性同名才能取到值
let { bar, foo } = { foo: "aaa", bar: "bbb" };
foo // "aaa"
bar // "bbb"
let { baz } = { foo: "aaa", bar: "bbb" };
baz // undefined
字符串的结构赋值
字符串被转化成类数组对象
const [a, b, c, d, e] = 'hello';
a // "h"
b // "e"
c // "l"
d // "l"
e // "o"
函数参数的结构赋值
function add([x, y]){
return x + y;
}
add([1, 2]); // 3
用途交换变量的值 [x,y] = [y,x]
从函数返回多个值
// 返回一个数组
function example() {
return [1, 2, 3];
}
let [a, b, c] = example();
// 返回一个对象
function example() {
return {
foo: 1,
bar: 2
};
}
let { foo, bar } = example();
函数参数的定义
// 参数是一组有次序的值
function f([x, y, z]) { ... }
f([1, 2, 3]);
// 参数是一组无次序的值
function f({x, y, z}) { ... }
f({z: 3, y: 2, x: 1});
提取JSON数据
let jsonData = {
id: 42,
status: "OK",
data: [867, 5309]
};
let { id, status, data: number } = jsonData;
console.log(id, status, number);
// 42, "OK", [867, 5309]
参数默认值
jQuery.ajax = function (url, {
async = true,
beforeSend = function () {},
cache = true,
complete = function () {},
crossDomain = false,
global = true,
// ... more config
}) {
// ... do stuff
};
遍历Map结构
const map = new Map();
map.set('first', 'hello');
map.set('second', 'world');
for (let [key, value] of map) {
console.log(key + " is " + value);
}
// first is hello
// second is world
输入模块指定方法
const { SourceMapConsumer, SourceNode } = require("source-map");