Linux 安装python3 和 pip3

安装python3.7

1、安装依赖环境

yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

2、下载python3（可下载自己需要的python版本）

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tgz

3、安装python3

创建目录(可配置为个人喜欢的位置)：mkdir -p /usr/local/python3
解压下载好的Python-3.x.x.tgz包(具体包名因你下载的Python具体版本不同
tar -zxvf Python-3.7.0.tgz

4、进入解压后的目录，编译安装

cd Python-3.7.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
make && make install

5、建立python3的软链

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

6.将/usr/local/python3/bin加入PATH

vim ~/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/python3/bin
export PATH

再执行如下命令配置生效
source ~/.bash_profile

检查Python3及pip3是否正常可用：
python3 -V
pip3
如果pip3 不可用 建立如下软链接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

安装pip以及setuptools

1、安装pip前需要前置安装setuptools

wget --no-check-certificate  https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-19.6.tar.gz#md5=c607dd118eae682c44ed146367a17e26
   
tar -zxvf setuptools-19.6.tar.gz

cd setuptools-19.6

python3 setup.py buil

python3 setup.py install

2、安装pip

wget --no-check-certificate  https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-8.0.2.tar.gz#md5=3a73c4188f8dbad6a1e6f6d44d117eeb

tar -zxvf pip-8.0.2.tar.gz

cd pip-8.0.2

python3 setup.py build

python3 setup.py install

试用pip3安装第三方库
pip3 install mysql-python
如有下面的报错
python NameError: name ‘platform_system’ is not defined
解决方法：
pip install --upgrade pip
pip install --upgrade setuptools